中小企業員工安全衛生職能基準與課程設計

Establishing Core Competencey Standards of Occupational Health and Safety for Employee of SMEs and Their Implication on Training Program Design

本研究主要以職業安全衛生訓練規則第17條第10款之各級管理、指揮、監督之業務主管，與第13款之前述各款以外之一般勞工需每三年至少接受三小時安全衛生在職教育訓練為研究背景，藉由探討一般中小企業員工安全衛生職能基準，以據之規劃職能導向訓練課程為目的，研究步驟是先經由國內外安全衛生職能文獻分析結果，建立初步中小企業員工安全衛生職能內涵；再舉辦涵蓋製造業與服務業的6場分區焦點團體座談會，檢視與修正文獻分析結果；最後與來自於20個行業別、31個事業單位的33位安全衛生相關人員訪談結果內容，進行交叉比對。研究結果區別出兩類對象的安全衛生職能內涵，分別是一、不具督導或管理職責的勞工之安全衛生職能，依序包括危害辨識職能、危害控制職能和安全衛生法規職能。二、具備督導或管理職責的勞工的安全衛生職能，依序須具備安全衛生法規職能、安全衛生管理職能、危害辨識職能、危害評估職能和危害控制職能。本研究並以法規的訓練時數要求為基礎，根據所發展的職能內涵、功能與角色，提出對應的具體訓練規劃內容，作為事業單位和訓練單位規劃相關訓練課程的參考。

The research background of this study is based on the Article 17 of Regulation for Labor Safety and Health Education and Training about supervisors of all levels of management, command and supervision, and General labors other than aforesaid operations of at least 3 hours per three years of safety and health on-the job training for labor. This study was to explore the competency standards of safety and health for employees of SMEs to design competency-based training courses. To achieve the goals of this research, the first step is through the health and safety literatures review to establish the framework of OHS competence. And then held six focus groups partition forum covering manufacturing industry and services, literature review is revised by the results of group discussion; and finally the results of 33 safety and health personnel interviews from 31 business units of 20 industries make a comparison with 6 focus groups. The significant findings include 1. Two types of audience are divided. One is employee without any supervision or management responsibilities; another is employee with those responsibilities. 2. The sequential competences of OHS for those who without responsibilities are risk and hazard control, risk and hazard identification and cognition of legal regulation. 3. The sequential competences of OHS for those who with responsibilities are cognition of legal regulation, management abilities of OHS, risk and hazard control, risk and hazard identification, risk and hazard evaluation, and risk and hazard control. In this study, and in accordance with the regulations and training hour requirements for employee, put forward the corresponding training design, as references for related business and training units.