幼兒園實施行動取向環境教育之探究

A Case Study of Environmental Education Based on Action Approach in Kindergarten

幼兒是人類社會發展的重要時期，托育、社區與家庭環境是其最密切互動的微系統，多位國外學者提出行動取向幼兒園環境教育之重要性，目前國内尚欠缺社區資源融合幼兒園環境教育的課程研究，故本研究提出行動取向的幼兒園環境教育的課程實驗方案。本研究目的是探討行動取向幼兒園環境教育的課程設計架構、實施歷程與實施成效，採用質性研究法，以社區資源作為課程素材，用課程旋轉盤作為課程設計的策略，規劃實施「我家住這裡」與「環保小尖兵」兩個主題。研究發現課程架構有社區學習與覺知關懷、探究增能與行動三個層面，在社區學習層面的教學活動中，幼兒已認識所在社區的地理位置與文化特色，並覺知到周遭生活的環境議題、對環境產生關愛之情，在探究增能層面的教學活動中，幼兒已學會資源回收、分類、再利用的技能，在行動層面中，幼兒實際付出行動做社區服務、並以實際行動減少自身製造的垃圾量。

Early childhood is proved a critical stage to future human and societal development. During the period of time， “microsystem” refers to the compound of three inter-connected environments， such as day care， community， and household; therefore， a wide array of literature has suggested the importance of environmental education at kindergartens. Meanwhile， the research on how community resources could be integrated into the environmental education for young kids is relatively lacking. This study tries to fill the gap through proposing the experimental curriculum program based on action approaches in environmental education for kindergarteners. The purpose of this research is exploring the curriculum structure， and the implementation process and effects of action-approach environmental education at kindergartens through qualitative research methods. The study utilizes community resources as the curriculum materials and demonstrates the curriculum design with rotating disks to include two themes: “where I live” and “junior environmental protector.” The research findings suggest that the curriculum structure of environmental education in kindergartens includes social learning， awareness， and care; inquiry and empowerment; and action. Social learning in curriculum inspires environmental awareness and community bonds of young kids who have been acquainted with geographical and cultural characters of their communities. Inquiry and empowerment in curriculum focus on involving kindergarteners in waste recycling， sorting， and reusing. Action approaches emphasize encouragement of kids5 action on community services and individual environmental behaviors (e.g.， minimizing individual wastes).