現代儒學及中國與中東歐之間的跨文化交流

Modern Confucianism and the Intercultural Exchange between China and Central-Eastern Europe

中歐、東歐及中國現代認同建構的過程，基本上是兩種不同形式的文化與經濟變遷、衝突、與和諧社會適應的結果。本文的目的是揭露我們為何必須把文化視為經濟動力學的基本要素，而不只是一種背景而已。因此，筆者以為，對於過渡型社會興起的比較式分析，必須處理與相對的價值體系有關的問題，例如道德教育、政治權威、社會團結與宗教信仰。中華人民共和國近年之所以能快速發展，與其社會階層制度、自律、社會和諧、堅固的家庭、以及對教育的尊重等重要傳統美德，有密不可分的關係。本文將在這種社會脈絡下，檢視儒學傳統在中國的復興。依照過去的研究成果，傳統東歐的價值觀在許多方面比較接近儒家的美德，而非以個人自主性為主的傳統西方價值觀。因此，依照這個假設，中歐與東歐地區可作為中國與歐洲之間的文化與價值論橋樑。

The topical processes of modern identity-making within Central and EasternEurope on the one hand, and China, on the other, are fundamentally results ofdifferent forms of cultural and economic transformation, conflict and harmonioussocial adjustments. The aim of the present paper is to expose the need toappreciate the role of culture not only as a background to, but also as aconstitutive part of, economic dynamics. Thus, it assumes that any comparativeanalysis of the rise of transitional societies must deal with questions connected torespective value systems, i.e. of moral education, political authority, socialsolidarity, and religious beliefs.It is not coincidental that the recent rapid development of the P.R. Chinaowes much to such crucial traditional virtues as social hierarchy, self-discipline,social harmony, strong families and a respect for education. In this context, thepresent article examines the revival of Confucian tradition in China. According toprevious research results, traditional East European values were in many aspectscloser to such virtues than traditional Western values, which focused heavily onthe idea of individual autonomy. This paper follows the presumption that theCentral and Eastern Europe could function as a cultural and axiological bridgebetween China and Western Europe.