電影的情緒療癒效用研究－－以失戀之大學生為例

A Qualitative Study on the Emotional Healing Efficacy of Movies for Undergraduates Suffering Breakups

失戀係最常困擾大學生的情緒問題之一。大學生在遭遇分手事件時，易衍生負面情緒，以致影響心理健康，嚴重者甚至會引發社會問題。準此，如何協助失戀大學生走出情緒低潮，已成為亟需關注的議題。而觀賞適當的電影有助於舒緩負面情緒，此即為「電影療法」之應用。本研究運用內容分析法，初步挑選劇情與愛情關係結束相關的電影，繼而徵求14位失戀大學生，對其進行兩次半結構式深度訪談，並媒合一部電影供彼等觀賞。訪談目的在於了解受訪者之分手原因與情緒困擾問題，並探討受訪者所觀賞的電影，是否能對其產生認同、淨化、領悟的情緒療癒效用，及其影響因素為何。研究結果顯示，最多受訪大學生因「欲與對方維持關係之依附程度不同」而分手；且遭遇「因分手而感到空虛孤寂」之情緒困擾問題者最多。同時，14部受訪者觀賞的電影，皆能使之產生完整情緒療癒效用。此外，電影讓受訪者達致不同程度情緒療癒效用的影響因素，包括「觀影者個人背景與主角相似」、「角色表達情緒方式外放」以及「角色呈現具體解決問題的方式」等三項。

Breakups with significant others are among the main reasons for emotional disturbance problems in Taiwanese undergraduates. Most undergraduates lack emotional regulation; therefore, their negative emotions can easily accumulate, influencing their mental health. Exacerbating these effects, the accumulation of negative emotions can lead to social problems. Therefore, helping undergraduates appropriately cope with negative emotions generated by breakups is a topic worth exploring. Movie therapy involves watching appropriate movies for soothing negative emotions. To investigate the emotional healing efficacy of movies, this study employed content analysis to select movies about breakups and recruited 14 undergraduates suffering from breakups. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted after the subjects viewed one of the movies, and the emotional healing efficacy of movies was analyzed based on whether the subjects experienced the processes of identification, catharsis, and insight. The findings indicated that 14 movies had emotional healing efficacy. The subjects experienced emotional healing from movies that contained three critical elements: similarity of backgrounds between the viewer and the movie characters, the extroversive expression of the movie characters' emotions, and the characters' demonstration of concrete solutions to the problems.