病患和護理人員對治療淋巴癌的訊息需求之認知

Patients' and Nurses' Perceptions on the Informational Needs of Lymphoma Treatment

本研究探討淋巴癌病患與護理人員之訊息需求觀點差異。採描述比較性研究設計，於某區域教學醫院血液腫瘤科病房及門診收案，淋巴癌病患訊息需求量表共53題，包括檢查、疾病、治療、生理照護和心理社會需求五個次量表。所有題項詢問病人對訊息的「需要程度」，及護理人員認為病人「會需要的程度」，採5分法。自102年10月起開始進行，歷時兩年，共收案26位護理人員及41位淋巴癌病人。在病人方面，疾病、生理照護、治療層面皆有高度的訊息需求，其平均分數超過4分；然而，護理人員認為病人在各層面皆有高度訊息需求，以生理照護層面為首，其五大層面平均分數皆超過4分，而分析病人與護理人員對各層面訊息需求之異同，在生理照護、檢查、心理社會層面兩者得分皆達顯著差異。以題項單獨分析，病人關注下次全身檢查的時間、擔心復發、癌症轉移、疾病治癒率及副作用因應等，而護理人員認為病人應最關切症狀的因應、常見副作用及其處理、食物的選擇等。另外，病人年齡、教育程度、工作狀態會影響檢查層面的訊息需求，病人年齡亦會影響疾病層面需求。本結果發現病人和護理人員之間對重要訊息需求的認知有明顯差異，期透過本研究結果作為臨床醫護人員提供淋巴癌患者衛教訊息之參考依據，最終能解決並滿足患者在持續治療過程中各層面的訊息需求。

The purpose of the study was to explore patients' and nurses' perceptions and compare them in terms of the information needs of lymphoma patients. This was s descriptive-comparative research that collecting data in a hematology and oncology ward and outpatient clinic in southern Taiwan from October 2013 to October 2015. Lymphoma patients' informational needs questionnaire is 53 items and included five subscales: investigative tests, disease, treatment, physical care and psychosocial needs. Patients and nurses were asked to indicate how much information patients need on 53 items. A 5-point Likert scale was used to rate information needs. Results showed that patients had high informational needs in the disease, physical care and treatment subscales which their mean scores were above 4 point. However, nurses reported that information on all subscales was much more needed by patients. The mean scores for all subscales were above 4 point and the physical care subscale was the top. There was a statistical difference between nurses and patients reports related to information needs in three out of five subscales. By the individual items, patients focus on the next time of physical examination, worried about the recurrence, metastasis, cure rate of the disease and the coping of side effects. However, important information as perceived by the nurses related to the coping and management the side effects of treatment and the choices of food. Patient's age, education, and working status were associated with differing informational needs of investigative tests subscale. Patient's age was also associated with differing informational needs of disease subscale. There were differences between the perceptions of the lymphoma patients and the nurses on important information needed. This finding may provide the health professionals in developing the educational interventions to meet the needs of cancer patients.