正向回憶內容可影響悲傷情緒之修復嗎？回想自我或回想他人

Will the Content of Positive Memory Recall Matter for Repairing Sad Mood? The Comparison of Autobiographic vs. Others’ Memory

目的：研究發現正向自傳式回憶有益於非憂鬱者改善難過情緒，卻無助於憂鬱者，其中 回憶內容可能為影響因素。本研究想透過操弄回憶內容來探討憂鬱與非憂鬱者的情緒調節效 果。方法：156 名情緒憂鬱或非憂鬱之大學生，隨機分派到自傳回憶組和他人相關回憶組， 共四組。經負向情緒觸發後，無時間限制地書寫下正向回憶。結果：無論自傳回憶組或他人 相關回憶組，回想正向記憶都有助於憂鬱者和非憂鬱者改善負向情緒。但相較於他人相關回 憶組，回想正向自傳記憶對於減少負向情緒與提升正向情緒的效果更大。討論：研究發現憂 鬱者可能除了要降低先存之負向情緒，還同時需克服負向自我觀感之情緒，導致需要較長時 間修復悲傷情緒。以情緒不一致論點來看，回憶時間長度很可能成為情緒調節的關鍵角色。

Objectives:Recollections of positive autobiographic memory help nondys- phoric but not dysphoric individuals to repair sad mood. The content of memory recall could be an effective factor.The objective of this study was through manipu- lating the content of memory recall to examine the ability of regulating negative mood in dysphoric and nondysphoric individuals. Methods:We examined the questions from a nonclinical sample of 156 college students. After negative mood induction, dysphoric and nondysphoric groups were randomly assigned to positive autobiographic memory or positive others’ memory conditions to write these memories without time limitation. Results:Both nondysphoric and dysphoric par- ticipants were benefited from recall of positive autobiographic memories or others’ memories recall. But, positive autobiographic memory recall was more effective to diminish negative mood and to increase happy mood than others’ memory re- call. Conclusion:Dysphoric participants may not only repair previously induced negative mood, but also simultaneously overcome the feeling of worsened present self. Thus, it may take longer time for them to repair sad mood. Accordingly, time length could be important in mood regulation.