注意力不足過動症家庭的父子／女互動

Fathering and Father-child Interactions in Families of Children with Attention-defi cit/Hyperactivity Disorder

前言：儘管研究指出，注意力不足過動症患童母親的教養方式與母子／女互動皆較負面。然而，我們對父親的教養方式，以及父子／女的互動，所知甚少。本綜說將回顧注意力不足過動症患童父親的教養方式，以及父子／女的互動。研究方法：我們搜尋PubMed，MEDLINE，PsycInfo資料庫，找出從1998年1月至2009年3月間以中文或英文書寫的相關研究，共篩選出28篇文章，進行有系統地回顧。結果：絕大多數的研究是以白種人為研究對象，結果顯示和對照組比較，注意力不足過動症患童的父親，有較多要求與權力控制；較少表達溫暖；感受較差的父子關係；有較多在兒童時期亦罹患注意力不足過動症。結論：西方的研究結果指出，注意力不足過動症和負面的父親教養方式，以及父子／女的互動有明顯的相關。但是以上的結論是否能應用於在台灣的漢人，需要本土的研究來檢驗。

Background: Although many studies have shown inadequate and inappropriate mother’s parenting style as well as impaired mother-child interactions in children with attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about father’s parenting style and father-child interactions in ADHD. In this paper, we reviewed the literature on fathering and father-child interactions in children with ADHD. Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo for relevant studies published in English or Chinese between January 1, 1988 and March, 2009, and 28 articles were included in this review. Results: Most studies have been conducted in Caucasian populations. Fathers of ADHD boys were found to be more demanding and power-assertive, to express less warmth, to have more negative perception about father-child interactions, and are more likely to have comorbid childhood ADHD than fathers of the controls. But father-child interaction was found to be less negative than mother-child interaction. Conclusion: The results of Western studies suggest negative impacts of ADHD on paternal parenting style and father-child interactions. Whether the same fi nding could be applied to ethnic Chinese population in Taiwan warrants further investigations.