兒童青少年校園霸凌經驗和心理健康之關連性

School Bullying and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents

霸凌(bullying)是一種惡意地攻擊行為，目的在於對他人造成傷害，它會在一段時間內重複出現，並且在施暴者(bullying)和受害者(victims)之間存在勢力的不均等現象。在歐美國家的研究發現：有20%到30%的學生涉入校園霸凌事件之中，無論是施暴者、受害者或同時兼具施暴和受害者角色(bully-victims)。眾多橫斷面研究或追蹤研究皆顯示：霸凌施暴和受害都和兒童青少年心理健康狀態不佳有所關連，同時兼具施暴和受害者角色者的心理健康問題尤其嚴重。在具有特殊醫療照顧需求的兒童族群，霸凌問題亦相當顯著。從涉及霸凌行為和心理健康狀態不佳的緊密關連性顯示，及早確認涉入霸凌行為的兒童青少年並加以協助具有緊急重要性

Bullying is a malicious aggressive behavior that is intended to harm others repeatedly. There is an imbalance in strength or power between the bullies and the victims of bullying. Studies in European countries and U.S. suggest that 20% to 30% of students are frequently involved in bullying as bullies and/or victims. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have recognized bullying and being victimized by bullies as health problems for school children and adolescents because of their association with a range of adjustment problems, including poor mental health and violent behavior. Bully-victims, who are involved in both bullying others and being bullied by others, have the greatest number of mental and behavioral problems. Children needing special health care are especially vulnerable to being bullied. The signifi cant association between involvement in bullying and adverse mental health in children and adolescents indicates that the early identifi cation of and intervention on children and adolescents at risk should be a priority for the society.