如何從事一趟低碳旅遊？低碳旅遊量表之發展與驗證

How to Do a Low-Carbon Travel? Developing and Validating Low-Carbon Travel Scale

低碳旅遊是近年來觀光產業與學界關注的新興課題。過去研究多從業者觀點設計低碳旅遊套裝行程，甚少以遊客觀點指引自助旅客如何在旅遊中從事節能減碳行為。本研究目的是利用旅遊相關文獻，發展並檢驗一份量表，以指導遊客從事低碳旅遊。本研究以763份自助旅客樣本（380位低碳旅遊地遊客以及383位非低碳旅遊地遊客）進行探索性和驗證性因素分析，以驗證本量表的有效性。經過嚴謹的量表發展程序，本研究確認低碳旅遊量表的六個構面為：低碳遊程、低碳運輸、低碳住宿、低碳餐飲、低碳消費、以及低碳傾向。本研究並提出若干管理意涵與未來研究方向之建議。

Low carbon tourism has garnered attention from the tourism industry and academia in recent years. Though previous studies (Kuo & Dai, 2012) have often designed low carbon package tours through the perspective of operators, few studies have assisted independent tourists to save energy and reduce the carbon footprint of their travel. This study draws on tourism-related literature to develop and test a low carbon travel scale. Of the 763 tourists who participated in this study, 380 tourists traveled to low-carbon destinations and 383 tourists traveled to high-carbon destinations. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to verify the validity of the scale. Using a rigorous instrument development process, the study identified six dimensions of a low-carbon travel scale: low carbon journey, low carbon transport, low carbon accommodation, low carbon diet, low carbon consumption, and low carbon tendency. Implications for theoretical and practical applications are also discussed.