台灣學齡前兒童電視觀賞時間的相關因素及其對肥胖之影響：一項橫斷性研究

Influence of amount time watching television on obesity and associated factors among preschool children in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study

目標：本研究目的在探討台灣學齡前兒童電視觀賞時間的相關因素及其對肥胖之影響。方法：本研究在2015-2016年以系統隨機抽樣方式，對全台灣共54家幼兒園的2-6歲學齡前兒童進行問卷調查。問卷內容包括研究對象人口社會資料、身高、體重及生活型態。我們利用多變項羅吉斯迴歸分析，計算與電視觀賞時間過長的相關因素及電視觀賞時間與肥胖之勝算比及95%信賴區間。結果：在3,492位學齡前兒童中，肥胖盛行率為12.6%，每日電視觀賞時間平均為92.7分鐘。學齡前兒童肥胖、年齡、主要照顧者教育程度、晚餐前零食攝取、睡眠時間、早餐時的電視觀賞時間、遊戲時間及戶外遊戲時間是學齡前兒童電視觀賞時間過長的相關因素。相較於電視觀賞時間小於60分鐘的學齡前兒童，電視觀賞時間超過120分鐘的學齡前兒童肥胖勝算比為1.90（95%信賴區間=1.28-2.82），且每增加30分鐘的電視觀賞時間，學齡前兒童肥胖的風險增加（勝算比=1.10，95%信賴區間=1.06-1.15）。結論：台灣2-6歲學齡前兒童的電視觀賞時間與肥胖有關。

Objectives: Sedentary behavior may be a risk factor for obesity. This study evaluated the association between the amount of time watching television and obesity among preschool children in Taiwan. Methods: We used systematic random sampling and questionnaires to survey preschool children 2-6 years of age among 54 preschools in Taiwan. The information elicited by the questionnaires included socioeconomic characteristics, height, weight, and lifestyle. We used multivariate logistic regressions to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of obesity associated with the amount of time television was watched. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 12.6% and the average of amount of time television was watched was 92.7 min among 3,492 children. Obesity and age of preschool children, parents' level of education, pre-dinner snacking, duration of sleep, watching television during breakfast, amount of play time, and amount of time spent on outdoor physical activities were factors associated with excessive television viewing amongst preschool children. Compared with children who watched television for ≤ 60 min, children who watched television ＞ 120 min were at a higher risk for obesity (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.28-2.82). Moreover, when preschool children increased the amount of time television was watched by 30 min, the risk of obesity was increased (OR=1.10; 95% CI=1.06- 1.15). Conclusions: The amount of time television was watched was associated with obesity among preschool children 2-6 years of age in Taiwan.