“ 一帶一路”倡議與可持續發展原則－－國際投資法視角

The“One Belt One Road” Initiative and Sustainable Development: A Perspective of International Investment Law

當代國際投資法的轉型趨勢表明，可持續發展理念已逐漸深入人心，正在由抽象原則向具體規則轉化。“一帶一路”倡議，是可持續發展原則指導下的發展戰略，二者在理念與宗旨上存在高度契合。在“一帶一路”所涉行業領域及地域範圍內，可持續發展問題突出。實施“ 一帶一路”，發展海外投資，只有突出強調沿線各國和地區的可持續發展，才能可持續地獲得推進。強調可持續發展，既是保護中國海外投資的有效方式，也將成為中國海外投資者在新時代背景下的盈利模式。國際投資法的轉型趨勢以及“一帶一路”倡議實施的客觀背景均要求我國在國際投資協定以及國內法中將可持續發展作為基本指導原則並貫穿始終，以多元平衡的視角對待投資者利益保護與東道國可持續發展，將有關外國直接投資的國內政策和國際政策一體化考慮。同時，由於可持續發展原則內涵的模糊性和不確定性，可持續發展原則容易異化為綠色投資壁壘，需要引起重視並在國際投資協定中採取相應的立法技術。儘管如此，中國的重點仍應放在更加務實地關注提升自身促進可持續發展的能力，如加強政府對本國海外投資企業的監管，引導企業進行可持續和負責任投資。

The transition of international investment law indicates that sustainable development has gradually been accepted worldwide, from abstract principles to specific rules. The One Belt One Road Initiative is a strategy guided by sustainable development, with very similar ideas and purposes. In the relevant areas and industries under the One Belt One Road Initiative, sustainable development is a prominent problem. Thus only when promoting sustainable development of the countries and regions along the Belt and Road is highlighted during oversea investment can the One Belt One Road Initiative be sustainably carried forward. It can both protect China's oversea investment in an effective way, and will also be a model of making profit in the new era. Both the transition of international investment law and the background of implementing the One Belt One Road Initiative require that sustainable development should be viewed as a fundamental guidance throughout the whole process of international investment in both domestic policies and international agreements and a multifaceted and balanced perspective should be taken while protecting the interests of investors and the interests of the host. While, it should be aware that sustainable development may be abused as green investment barriers due to its vagueness and uncertainty, so measures should be taken while drafting IIAs. Nevertheless, China should pay more attention to improving the ability of promoting sustainable development during international investment, for instance, strengthening supervision over enterprises investing abroad and channeling them into sustainable and responsible investment.