家禽屠宰作業環境空氣中細菌與真菌之分佈與特性

The Characteristics of Bacteria and Fungi Bioaerosols Distribution in Poultry Slaughtering Environment

本研究主要針對家禽屠宰場進行空氣中細菌與真菌之調查，以瞭解目前台灣之家禽屠宰場中生物性危害之程度。研究中選取3間家禽屠宰場進行採樣分析，細菌與真菌生物氣膠分佈是利用衝擊式(impactor)生物氣膠採樣器進行採樣，採樣季節分別為夏季與秋季，並將現場採樣分為屠宰中與清理後兩階段進行採樣。生物氣膠採集後之真菌與細菌樣本則進一步將其純化培養，再予以分子生物鑑定方式進行菌種鑑定。研究結果發現，屠宰作業中平均細菌生物氣膠濃度達到最高1.67±0.15×105 CFU/m3，真菌生物氣膠最高可達到8.35±0.32×104 CFU/m3。菌種鑑定部分，家禽屠宰場細菌類以Staphylococcus、Moraxella、Rothia為主要菌屬，真菌類以Pseudozyma、Penicillium、Cladosporium為主要菌屬。整體而言生物氣膠較高區域會在繫留場與屠宰區，而真菌生物氣膠較高區域則會是在屠宰區與分切包裝區中。建議家禽屠宰場應該改善其通風設備，增加通風換氣進而降低場內之生物氣膠濃度，並加強全面加強工作從業人員人防護用具的配戴，以降低感染及暴露之風險。

The Developmental context of social enterprise must depth of the foundation on the ground with the establishment of a good social relations, party to the subsequent operation and Development, to absorb and accumulate their associated availability of local resources to further the construction of its steady development and the job creations. On the promotion of social enterprises, this paper summarized data from qualitative interviews in the development of social enterprise, ponder the following points must strengthen the linking of social relationships and function of job creations: The first, government must be led and guided way actively promote sustainable social enterprises related counseling measures. Secondly, any multivariate auxiliary plan, all through the use of the land resources should be combined in a way to promote the employment of angle to promote social enterprises, creating more social institution of internal corporate jobs. Third, the establishment of community-based relationships and the creating economic opportunities for the partners to promote the participants of the certification system, strengthen social enterprise mode of operation. Fourth, the promoting social enterprises in the construction of the geopolitical when property and social relations formed between areas of our industry chain and deep plowing and development of the localization. Fifth, strengthening the healthy development of social enterprises, and gradually establish the relationship between social networks and international links of business after the operation sound. Therefore, social enterprises geopolitical property must also build links in the mosaic and community organizations, and only in maintaining a tight-knit social relations which construct a more stable organizational development, providing a more stable work opportunities to participate in the work place.