從西班牙語仿聲詞之內部語音結構研究聲音與意義的結合

A Simbolism Sonoro Observation through the Phonetic Structure of Imitative Voices

仿聲詞或象聲詞的產生與每個語言的文化背景、思維方式等息息相關，但影響最大的仍是語言本身的語法、音韻系統，畢竟人們在產生新詞時會遵循自己最熟悉的語言模式去創造。在本論文裡把西班牙皇家語言學院倒列辭典(DIRAE)所列的詞條稱作仿聲詞，有別於一般所稱的象聲詞，後者是日常生活中不免會用自身的語言能力去模仿聽到的聲音，但是它的產生是任意性的，在未正式編入皇家語言辭典前，只能視為同時代而非歷時的用詞，也因如此，在本論文裡把辭典編纂學家經過討論決定後收錄的詞條稱為仿聲詞。這些仿聲詞的字首音位/i/、/u/、/p/、/b/、/k/、/g/、/t/、/ch/、/f/、/s/、/r/是模仿聲音的主要音位，也是幫助了解聲音與意義的結合，語音表義的概念。最後，藉由仿聲詞的音節結構分析，也看到利用音節的重複讓模仿的聲音更生動、更真實。

The generation of ‘imitative voices’ or ‘onomatopoeia’ is closely related to the cultural background, the way of thinking, etc., but the greatest impact is still the language itself, grammar and phonological system. After all, people would follow their most familiar language patterns to create new words. In this paper we call the entries listed in the Inverted Dictionary of Spanish Language of Royal Spanish Academy (DIRAE1) ‘imitative voices’, which are unlike commonly known as ‘onomatopoeia’. The generation of onomatopoeia is arbitrary, and it is considered as synchronic, not diachronic word before being incorporated into the dictionary. This is the reason why we call the words already incorporated into the dictionary as imitative voices. The prefixed phonemes /i/, /u/, /p/, /b/, /k/, /g/, /t/, /ch/, /f/, /s/, /r/ are used as the main phones to imitate the source of the sound they describe. Through them we can understand the relationship between sound and meaning. Finally, the use of repeated syllables allow the imitative sounds more vivid, more real.