動畫短片視覺運用黑暗美學的防衛機制之研究

Research on the Visual of Animated Short Film of the Self-defense Mechanism with Dark Aesthetics

每個人在心中都有無法說出口與不知如何表達的心情，社會上規範人們的既有印象，因而深陷困擾人無法有適當的宣洩出口，動畫影片藉由各種勵志方式，引導找尋解脫出口。本文將透過動畫黑暗美學風格的分析，研究動畫短片中故事自我防衛心靈情節所隱喻表達的含意、手法，由歌德式風格探討黑暗美學在其中的價值與意義，以人格心理學的角度探討動畫短片如何揭示出人性的精神世界在外部環境的影響下的內涵。本研究探討黑暗美學的價值與意義，以人格心理學分析心靈層面的防衛機制作為主軸。運用質性的紮根理論，從大量的研究樣本中建立出黑暗美學的架構，編輯代碼使核心聚焦，研究故事下所傳遞的警世含意與溫情，如何在悲傷中帶有積極樂觀的心態。研究結果黑暗美學的動畫運行模式也是建構在三幕劇之下的動畫，歸納出三幕劇動畫模式與黑暗美學動畫模式的相同與相輔之處。從研究結果的6部樣本故事結構中，可知故事的流程並不是隨興發想，而是有依據可循的，故事的主軸訂定出後如何去詮釋內容。本研究描述近期產出的黑暗美學風格趨勢，結果出七種不同黑暗美學類型，相互交錯激發創作可能，能成為製作黑暗美學動畫的一個參考準則性，激發製作動畫更多的可能性。

This study analyzed dark aesthetics in animated short firms with a focus on the connotations and implications of self-defense mechanisms. This study explored the value and meanings of dark aesthetics and investigated how the meanings of human’s spiritual world are unveiled in animated short firms from the perspective of psychology of personality. Based on Grounded theories, a large sample of stories was used to build the framework of dark aesthetics, and the data were coded to induce admonitions and warmth embedded in the stories. The aim was to find how one can still hold a positive view while in sorrow. Results showed that animated short films of dark aesthetics were also created on the basis of a three-act structure, which had similarities and complementary elements in the structure of animated short films of dark aesthetics. Besides, from the story structures of six sample films, this study found their storylines were not created with random ideas but on certain grounds. All the stories were developed after a theme. This study also explored the tendency in the development of dark aesthetics among recent works and summarized seven different forms of dark aesthetics, which were so intertwined that they inspired creative ideas. The results provide a guideline for production of animated short firms of dark aesthetics and they help create more possibilities for animated short films.