史觀、新聞記憶與兩岸高教學生交流的因應調適－－以在朝陽科技大學進修的大陸生為例

The Survey of Historical Perspective and Political Ideology of Aborting Students from Mainland China as the example who studying Chaoyang University of Technology

當前海峽兩岸政府推動兩岸高教學術交流，採取逐步開放的彈性政策，確實具有開啟雙方培育人才與振興國族力量的重大意義。這項知識和技術交流工程，卻常受制於不同史觀上的阻礙，使文教交流之效益未能完全發揮。史觀是一項解釋歷史事件的根本思維和態度。歷史既然是文化生命體，具有追求真實的內在德性，同時也能揭露物質利用的外在存繼的變化。因此建立相同史觀，不但助益兩岸高教學術交流，同時彰顯當代知識分子尋找個人與全體生命出處的理想性與急迫感。史觀對新聞報導有極密切關連，兩者都在留存集體記憶，但史家較之新聞記者要具備更豐富的考辨功夫，以及較高的個人自察力和自覺力。緣此，考量集體記憶不僅是一種認知的征服，也是一項權力主張的工具。就以在朝陽科技大學進修的 200 位陸生為例，探析其對抗日戰爭勝利持何種史觀，發現絕大多數陸生重視歷史事件的真實遠超過昔日所接受的歷史知識。不管在對日抗戰的軍事鬥爭，慶祝抗戰勝利舉辦閱兵，修復留存抗戰古蹟，以及對「一個中國」的內涵見解，都有超越政治意識的看法，有86.8%的陸生認為相近史觀，有助於增進對兩岸政經文化的了解並化解兩岸分離意識。

Nowadays, flexibility of higher education exchange across the Taiwan Strait is significant to cultivating our next generations. However, this ambition often thwarted in the different historical perspectives from both sides government. Historical perspective is defined as the most basic historic thinking process and attitude in order to properly interpret the history. History embodied her value of morality in culture and revealed the evolution of material objects. Therefore, reaching a certain level of consensus of historical perspectives benefits higher education exchange across the Taiwan Strait. In addition, by establishing an acceptable opinion from both parties, this might solve Taiwanese intellectual and elite's inner desperation for finding their ＂national identity.＂ On the other hand, historical perspectives are closely related to the news media, sharing the same collective memory of society. Nevertheless, compared to the mass media, historians have stronger ability to discern, to self-reflect, and to be self-aware. Thus, this essay is aim at discovering the different historical perspectives on Sino-Japanese War victory over the WWII, the opinion owned by over 200 China exchange students in Chaoyang Universityof Technology during March 2016. The result reveled that most China exchange students generally appreciate the truth of historical event, instead of what they have learned from official schooling materials. They surpass a definite political ideology regarding to the military wrestling in the period of WWII, China's parade for the victory in the war of Sino-Japanese War, restoration of historical monument, and the definition of ＂one-China policy.＂ Among the China exchange students, 86% of students hold this specific historical perspective and consider it will benefit both sides of Taiwan Strait in terms of understanding social-economic situation and dissolve the ＂separate ideology.＂