臺灣與中國學術交流現狀及其效益之評析

An Analysis of the Current State of Academic Exchanges between Taiwan and China, and Yheir Effects

大學學術交流可分為短期學術交流與長期學術交流，在國際上的學術交流，對提升參與交流的夥伴大學之教育品質扮演著相當深遠的影響角色，交換與流動已經成為學術機構的共同特徵。檢視臺灣與中國的學術交流情形，大約從2005年起開始成長，在2012年左右達至高峰，之後則呈下降情形，從數量增長轉為實質交流的實踐。美國是全世界擁有最多國際生的國家。根據美國商務部，在2015年前來美國大學校院的國際生持續成長，對於美國經濟產生明顯的正向影響。揆諸上述美國經驗，厚植臺灣學術實力才能具備吸引更多的國際生前來就讀，以便創造出更大的經濟及文化等，更為廣泛而無形層面的效益。

Academic exchange between universities can be divided into short term and long-term types. Exchange and mobility have become in common for higher education institutions, and academic exchange has brought a profound impact on quality of universities which are involved in the relevant activities. Academic exchange between Taiwan and China has increased since 2005, and reached the peak in 2012 and then slightly decreased. It appears that the nature of academic exchange has changed from quantity to quality of the exchange. The United States of America has the largest number of international students in the world. According to US Department of Commerce, international students of universities in the USA have brought very positive impacts on the economy. Based on the USA experiences, it is essential for Taiwan to enhance its advantages of higher education institutions so as to attract more international students and therefore create tangibly economic and intangibly cultural benefits.