清中葉汪紱對朱子《易》的承繼與開展析論

The Study of Wang Fu Carring on Zhu Xi's Classic of Changes in the Mid-Qing Dynasty

汪紱（原名烜，字燦人，號雙池，1692-1759）為清中葉重要的經學家，著有《易經如話》及《易經詮義》兩部《易》著，前者以簡要的文句釋卦爻辭，欲讀者順其解說，體悟《易》理之精微，後者則側重對朱子《易》的闡發。特別肯定朱子視《易》為卜筮之書及論占筮之法，在治《易》實踐與體用兼重的主張是一致，既重視對《易》的理、象、數的解析，亦強調《易》辭在占筮上的運用。有關理氣、心性及工夫實踐的論述大抵本於朱子，關注重心在具體應世可能面對的問題。既主張明盛衰循環之理，亦強調盡人事。汪氏《易》學為現代《易》學提供可行的發展方向，既接受《易》為卜筮之書的說法，又能重視易象、易辭所涵具的人生義理，學《易》者用心瞭解自身的才德、處境，便能透過《易》得到指引。使《易》不是只教人明吉凶，而是具有實際指引作用的明燈，為現代《易》學提供珍貴的參考觀點。

Wang Fu is a Mid-Qing Confucian scholars. In Yijingruhua he uses brief diction to explain Guayaoci, thereupon the reader could feel refined of Changes. Yijingquanyi is greater emphasis on elucidating Zhu Xi's Classic of Changes. He specially give recognition to Zhu Xi's Classic of Changes about Changes is the divination book and the way of divining. In their claims, they both advocate the practice of Changes, and think that the ontology and the Gongfu-theory are both important: They pay attention to explain Li, Xiang, and Shu of Changes, and lay stress on the using of Yici by divining. Following in the footsteps of Zhu Xi's studies, Wang Fu expounds Liqi, Xinxing, and the practice of Gongfu, and pay close attention to use in the world. He advocates to understand the circle of the universe, and emphasize that we should do what is humanly possible. Wang's Classic of Changes provides practical alternatives for modern Classic of Changes. He accepts the argument that Changes is a divination book, and attaches importance to the life truth of the Yixiang and the Yici. If a man who learns Changes could try to understand his own talent, virtue, and plight, he will get guidance. Therefore Changes is not noly teaching people to understand good or ill luck, but also to guide us forward. It give precious point of view for modern Classic of Changes.