《咬臍記》的選輯及其所反映的問題和現象

The Selected Opera of Bite Umbilical Cord and Its Reflection of Problems and Phenomena

由於《樂府玉樹英》、《樂府萬象新》、《大明天下春》等海外孤本晚明戲劇選集的出現，及其對《咬臍記》的選輯，使學界重新關注明代祁彪佳《遠山堂曲品》著錄的《咬臍記》是否存在的問題？本文從《咬臍記》的著錄與明代戲曲散齣選集劇名之刊刻，以及明代戲曲諸選集對《咬臍記》齣目編選的交叉比對，探討因《大明天下春》等海外孤本對《咬臍記》多個齣目選輯而引起的相關問題。在分析後，筆者認為富春堂本《劉智遠白兔記》就是莊一拂著錄為已佚的《咬臍記》論點，是可靠的，但富春堂本的第十折也存在著刊刻改異的可能性。《咬臍記》齣目在明代以繁複多變的折子戲面貌存在，反映著民間演劇對《白兔記》、《咬臍記》流傳的影響，其齣目情節內容的各種改動，記錄著劇場中不斷追求新變的豐富現象。

Due to the appearance anthologies of Yuefu Yushuying, Yuefu Vientiane Xin, Da Ming Tian Xia Chun in late Ming Dynasty, and their selected opera of Bite Umbilical Cord which the academics have renewed attention to anthology of Yuan Shao Tan Opera products of Biao-Jia Qi and the question of existed opera of Bite Umbilical Cord. The aim of the study is to cross-compared among the description of Bite Umbilical Cord, engraved scattered anthologies of Ming Dynasty Opera and selected works of Ming Dynasty Opera and investigate the relevant issues in the appearance of compilation of Bite Umbilical Cord in the overseas only anthology of Da Ming Tian Xia Chun. After analysis, the researcher indicated that Zhiyuan Liu's White Rabbit is the lost description of Bite Umbilical Cord of Zhuang Yifu, which is reliable. However, it is possible that the description of tenth fold of Fuchun Tang had been changed. The plots of Bite Umbilical Cord has been existed in complexed and varied appearances of sub-opera and reflected the effects of folk drama upon the White Rabbit and Bite Umbilical Cord. The changes of content of plots have recorded the rich phenomenon of constant pursuit of new changes in the theater.