糖尿病患口腔健康相關生活品質之探討

A Study of Oral Health- Related Quality of Life for Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

目標：本研究目的為：（1）了解第二型糖尿病病人之口腔健康狀況與口腔健康相關生活品質。（2）分析預測糖尿病患口腔健康相關生活品質之重要因素。方法：研究採橫斷面設計，方便取樣，針對中部某醫學中心糖尿病衛教門診type2的病患200名，以結構式問卷進行「口腔健康狀況與口腔健康相關生活品質」之資料收集。結果：結果顯示：（1）糖尿病患口腔健康狀況方面：16.6%在近一個月自答有牙齦出血的情形，平均口腔內缺牙顆數為7.2顆，殘餘牙齒顆數為24.8顆。整體糖尿病患之口腔健康相關生活品質平均為17.74分（標準差5.85分）。（2）經逐步迴歸分析後顯示：『牙齦出血的狀況』與『工作狀況』是預測口腔健康相關生活品質的重要因子，整體模式調整後之可解釋變異量為9.6%。結論：糖尿病患部分口腔健康狀況較差，因此，未來為改善其口腔健康狀況與口腔相關生活品質宜加強病人、專業人員與基層醫療照護之合作。

Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the oral health and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of patients with type 2 diabetes and to analyze the predictors of Oral Health- Related Quality of Life for patients with diabetes. Methods: The study included a convenience sample of 200 type 2 diabetic patients from a medical center in central Taiwan. A valid questionnaire (Content Validity Index, CVI=100%, Cronbach’s α=.8455) was used to collect data about oral health and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Results: Of these diabetic paients, 16.6% reported periodontal bleeding in the previous month. They had lost an average of 7.2 teeth, and had 24.8 residual teeth in their mouths. The mean OHIP-14 score was 17.74 (SD = 5.85). A stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that periodontal bleeding and work condition were significant predictors for Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. The model explained 9.6% of the total variance. Conclusions: Individuals with type 2 diabetes in exhibited poor oral health. Close collaboration between the patient, primary health caregivers and oral health professionals could improve the diabetic patient’s oral health and promote Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in the future.