協助一位不明原因昏迷青少年之主要照顧者面對壓力

Assist to face stresses for a caregiver who cared a youth with coma that caused unknown

當家庭成員面臨生命危機時，首當其衝的必是最親密的家人。一個家庭從發生危機事件到結束，所承受的各種壓力是外界無法一同體會的。就護理的角度來說，如何讓家庭成員在面臨困惑無助時，提供最適切的護理措施，是臨床護理應努力的方向。此個案照護期間爲2002年12月17日至2003年1月5日，筆者應用觀察、會談、身體評估等方式收集個案及主要照顧者的資料，並將資料分爲生理、心理、社會文化、發展及靈性等五個層面加以整理及分析。主要照顧者之生理問題導因爲心理壓力所致，故著重於心理問題的處理；此次照護過程中提供家庭成員說出心中的感受、減輕焦慮不安的情緒，有效地幫助家屬快速走過疾病的陰霾。疾病的發生會帶給病患及照顧者的身、心、社會負荷，在護理的過程中這兩者皆不能忽略。而如何協助主要照顧者對慢性疾病的後續照護，其他的家庭成員要如何適應這長久的家庭結構改變，便是我們需要深入探討的層面。

While a family member encounter meets a life crisis, the family members are always the first to be affected. From the beginning to the end, the various stresses cannot be realized by others. Providing an adequate nursing intervention for a puzzled and helpless family member is a major issue for clinical nursing. This client was surveyed from Dec.17th, 2002 to Jan.5th, 2003 through personal interview and physical examination.The data was collected , sorted and analyzed to five categories as physiological, psychological, socialcultural, developmental and spiritual. The etiology of physical problems for caregiver is psychologic stress, the key point is therefore to manage it. The author encouraged the caregiver to speak-out how he felt and reduced his anxious emotion in order to pass through the haze of illness effectively. The patient and caregiver bear burdens in physiological, psychological and social aspects from the illness. We cannot ignore these in our nursing process. Indeed, we need to concern that how to help caregivers in the following care for a chronic disease, and how to help family members adapt in a permanent alteration of family structure.