社區育成中心的理念、歷程與展望——以大學社區睦鄰組織為本

The Concept, Process and Prospect of Community Cultivation Centers: Based on the University Settlement Organization

如何讓社區及社區組織能夠運作起來，一直是社區發展工作的重點。本文主要探討台灣2005 年迄今各類社區育成中心的成立與發展情況，同時還特別介紹「全國社區教育資源暨社區育成中心」（CCERC）在兩個不同階段的發展重點及關心議題，以及與其他類似組織的比較。從非營利組織支持型組織（support organization）的理論觀點分析，全國社區育成中心很符合於強調價值觀、提供服務與資源及採取會員制等理論觀點。由大學來設立社區育成中心培力組織的概念可溯及大學睦鄰運動時期，兩者的年代雖已相差久遠，但透過大學創新機制來協助社區和弱勢關懷的理念依然相同。而社區培力組織與中小企業育成中心的創新概念雖然相近，本質上卻極為不同。所以，在最後本文將再進一步從社區政策、社區組織、社區發展及社區工作教育等觀點上分析並提出建議。

To facilitate the growth of community organization and resource mobilization is always an important issue in community development work. This paper mainly discusses the establishment and development of various community centers in Taiwan since 2005. Meanwhile, it focuses on presenting ＂National Community Education and Community Resources Incubation Center＂ （CCERC） at two different stages of development priorities and care issues, as well as compares with other similar organizations. Theoretically, the theory NPO support organization fits to explain the establishment and development of the CCERC in value perspective, service providing, resources and membership. Essentially, the community cultivation centers are different from the business incubation center and these centers run by universities actually originated from the settlement house movement emerging in Britain in 1884. Based upon empirical research into local conditions, the community cultivation centers aim to foster organizations within the community, as dictated by local needs and interests. In addition, this paper not only analyzes from the viewpoints of community policy, community-based organizations, community development and community work education but also makes some recommendations.