非動力手工具人因設計指引之編訂

The Establishment of Ergonomic Design Guidelines on Non-powered Hand Tools

本研究以人機界面的觀點，從人因工程研討途徑，研擬與建立有關手工具的設計與操作之規範與指引，以期有助於手部傷病風險的降低。探討範圍為非動力手工具以及用手操作的輔助加工設備。研究方法為文獻分析與實地研究。前者係由文獻整理出有關原理與標準等，據以研擬設計規範初稿，並以一些不良設計個案測試其適用性。後者藉調查從業人員以過程敘述選出不良個案，並以作業演示與情節分析，進行危害風險與界面參項等探討，而藉所得結果，修正與充實規範初稿。所發展出的規範，體裁為系統化分類與條列式，內容包括界面設計參項之數值範圍或遵循原則原理摘要；除文字敘述外，儘可能予以圖形解說。本研究並附帶提出受評不良設計個案的改善建議。

Focusing on an ergonomic approach involving man-machine interface, this study establishes some guidelines on designing hand tools to decrease the risk of hand injuries. The hand tools investigated herein are common nonpowered tools to perform mechanical functions and specialized hand devices adapted for a particular trade purpose. The research methods adopted are documents analysis and field study. Principles, standards, and recommendations relavant to hand tools are collected and reviewed from a variety of literatures. Based on these data, design guidelines are drafted; some examples of 'poor' design are applied towards these guidelines. These examples are selected from literature reviews, personal interviews and a questionnaire survey with professional users. Trial of the guidelines drafted employs a walk-through/scenario analysis to examine hazardous risks and interfacial parameters involved in the tools' operation. The final design guidelines are categorized and itemized. Their contents include the range of parameters values and a summary of underlying principles. In addition to texts, the guidelines are graphically illustrated as much as possible. Redesign recommendations for some poorly designed tools are also proposed.