施叔青《風前塵埃》中的另類歷史想像

The Alternative Historical Imagination in Shih Shu-ching’s Dust before the Wind

臺灣自解嚴以來歷史記憶小說蔚為風潮，其中有些小說納入了多族群、多國經驗及其與殖民主義的關係，探索刻板印象以外的族群歷史經驗，以幾乎同等篇幅呈現兩個族群以上的觀點，打破板塊式的國族想像，開啟了另類歷史想像的可能性。本文探討施叔青臺灣三部曲的第二部《風前塵埃》中的另類歷史想像，特別是臺灣文學很少處理的日治時期的「理蕃」、太魯閣之役、日治時期花蓮地區的族群關係、日本移民村、戰後的日本殖民遺緒等議題。筆者認為此書「對位式」地重新想像日治時期臺灣東部三個族群及戰後日本殖民遺緒，重新探索同化、皇民化、抵殖民乃至於土著化所涉及的身分問題，對日本殖民主義與臺灣後殖民呈現出與先前不同的複雜視野。

Historical memory fiction has flourished ever since the lifting of martial law in Taiwan. Some of these fictions excavate multi-ethnic, transnational experiences in relation to colonialisms, exploring ethnic experiences beyond stereotypes and debunking monolithic national imagination, thereby opening up possibilities for an alternative historical imagination. This article deals with the alternative historical imagination in Shih Shu-ching’s Dust before the Wind, with a special focus on its representation of issues that had rarely been dealt with before in Taiwanese literature, such as the “enterprise of governing the savages,” the Taroko Battle, the ethnic relationships in Hualien under Japanese rule, Japanese immigrant villages, and postwar Japanese legacy. I argue that the novel presents an intricate re-vision of Japanese colonialism and Taiwan’s postcoloniality by contrapuntally portraying three ethnic groups in eastern Taiwan under Japanese colonial rule and depicting post-war Japanese legacy, as well as by re-exploring the identity problems triggered by assimilation, imperialization, decolonization, and indigenization.