漢語動詞與形容詞重疊式之量性對比分析

A Contrastive Analysis of Reduplication in Mandarin Chinese

重疊式是漢語的特色之一。重疊形式不但多種，更遍及各種詞類：動詞、形容詞、名詞、副詞、量詞。本研究主要針對動詞與形容詞重疊式的特色進行對比，以了解此二詞類之重疊式（AA、AABB、ABAB）與基式（A、AB） 之間的量性變化關係；最後佐以59位臺灣國語使用者的語法判斷測試結果，對動詞、形容詞重疊式進行對比。除了從構詞形式、語法意義、語法規則等方面加以對比外，更探討形容詞與動詞重疊式的典型型態及其語法意義。依統計所得，形容詞重疊式之語法意義為使程度加深；而動詞重疊式量性變化狀況複雜，顯示影響因素多而雜。最後，本文根據對比分析所得對動詞與形容詞重疊式進行教學排序以利未來對外漢語教學。

Mandarin word classes exhibit different kinds of reduplication. This paper contrasts the reduplicative forms of verbs and adjectives and demonstrates the relationships between them (AA, AABB, ABAB) and their original forms (A, AB). Fifty-nine native speakers of Taiwanese Mandarin judged the grammaticality of verbal and adjectival reduplicative forms. According to my results, adjectival reduplication increases the degree of modification (e.g., 'big' reduplicated means 'huge'), while the semantics of verbal reduplication is more complex. I also make some recommendations regarding the teaching of these forms to non-native speakers of Mandarin.