翻譯「可以省說許多話」——梁實秋與魯迅論戰期間有關譯作的分析

Translation 'Can Save Many Words': An Analysis of Some Translated Works During the 'War of Words' between Liang Shiqiu and Lu Xun

在二十世紀二、三Ｏ年代，梁實秋與魯迅曾就翻譯問題展開過激烈的論戰，在中國文壇引起很大反響。兩人的論戰涉及面很廣，爭論的議題不僅牽涉到翻譯標準及方法問題，也牽涉到翻譯作品內容本身。這些翻譯作品幫助論戰雙方更好地闡述他們各自的觀點，正如魯迅所說，「可以省說許多話」。本文從第一手史料入手，討論有關盧梭《愛彌爾》的中譯本以及一些「普羅文學作品中譯本的論爭，並分析梁實秋翻譯的穆爾〈資產與法律〉、以及署名「諧庭」的譯文〈列寧的藝術觀〉與〈列寧的文化觀>，探討翻譯在梁實秋與魯迅的爭論中所發揮的作用，以及如何因此幫助他們「省說許多話」。

In the 1920s and 1930s, there was a heated 'war of words” between the Chinese literary circ1es surrounding Liang Shiqiu and Lu Xun. The debates involved not only translation standards and methods but also the content of the translated works, which i1lustrated their literary viewpoints and which, in Lu Xun's opinion, could 'save many words” in the war of words. Through the analysis of first-hand data, this paper discusses the debates related to the Chinese versions of Rousseau's Emile and several proletarian works, analyzes Liang's translation of Paul Elmer More's Property and Law and Vyacheslav Polonsky's 'Lenin's Views of Art and Culture,” and explores the role that translations played in these debates and how they 'saved many words” for those involved.