陳虬《治平三議》考

On 'The Three Works of Political Peace' (治平三議) by Chen Qiu (陳虬)

陳虬（1851～1904）是浙江省溫州人，醫師，同時是清末變法論的先驅之一。他在一八八三年寫作〈治平三議〉一文，收入十年後，一八九三年出版的論文集《治平通議》中，公諸於世，該書主要是與變法相關的議論。〈治平三議〉的內容彪大，企圖藉由復甦「宗族制」來安定地方，藉由「封建制」來重新建構國家，並樹立世界統一的政府，實現地球的真正和平。可以說是中國近現代史上出現的「大同思想」之先導理念和文獻。然而透過本文的分析，可以發現陳虬的上述思想，與西歐傳來的民主主義思想沒有太大關連，可以說不過是大一統中華世界觀之統一帝圈理念的擴大版而已。

Chen Qiu (1851-1904) of Wenzhou, Zhejiang province was a doctor and one of the pioneers of the reform movement at the end of the Qing dynasty. The paper that he wrote in 1883 called 'The Three Works of Political Peace' was included in and published ten years later in 1893 in one volume of the 'The Complete Works of Political Thought,' his anthology of reform theory. The contents of this paper were extremely large in scale, starting with stabilization of local areas by the revitalization of the family system and then restructuring the government by the implementation of the feudal system. In addition, he added the establishment of a unified world government leading to the achievement of complete world peace, which led this paper to be seen as one of the precursors in the works on 'The Thought of Great Harmony' in leadership ideology in modern Chinese history. However, when looking at the contents of the paper thoroughly, we can conclude that Chen Qiu's philosophy does not have much connection with western democratic philosophy, but was only an extention of a unified Chinese imperial ideology.