權利優先或尊嚴優先？──對原住民族運動的一個思考

Rights First of Dignity First? A Thought on the Indigenous Movement

在關於原住民議題的爭論中，爭取經濟生活的改善或者爭取族群認同孰先孰後一直是爭論的所在。本文嘗試以Nancy Fraser 及AxelHonneth 兩位學者關於此議題的爭論為基礎，指出此一議題糾結的困境。Nancy Fraser 從制度的角度指出，冷戰時期的經濟分配正義成為社會批判的主流價值，但此一價值在後冷戰時期受到以承認正義的挑戰，再分配──承認成為無法同時解決的僵局。Axel Honneth 則認為，這樣論述忽略了在日常生活中遭到不公正對待的主體的實際受苦經驗，這些經驗可能多樣而複雜，但在公共話語中是無聲的，有必要讓這些聲音浮出。在原住民議題的研究推進上，筆者認同Honneth 觀點的優先性，需要台灣社會中的原住民所經受社會不公的經驗進行調查，瞭解日常生活中所受到的蔑視與侮辱，由下而上驗證或修正再分配──承認議題。

In the dispute of indigenous issues, the key point has been whether weshould improve their economic life first or gain recognition first. Thisarticler tries to identify the dilemma by examine the arguments raised byNancy Fraser and Axel Honneth. Nancy Fraser has pointed out thatalthough the distribution justice has become the main stream of social justice,it cannot solve the deadlock created by recognition justice. In the otherhand, Axel Honneth thinks that we must reveals the voices of those whosuffered from in justice treatment. In the research of indigenous issues, thispaper agrees with Honneth point of view, that we should proceed toempirical studies of injustice treatment that indigenous peoples have beenfacing, then to justify distribution justice and recognition justice.