下背痛之生物力學評估與預防：以鞋廠從業人員為例

The Biomechanical Evaluation and Application Study of Lower Back Pain Syndrome of A Shoemaking Factory

本研究以一鞋廠的從業人員為例，進行下背傷害的現場評估。研究方法與材料包括工作姿勢的關節角度量測，生物力學模式分析椎間盤與肌肉受力分布，以及下背傷害自我評估的問卷。此外應用臨床現場資料，製作下背傷害職業安全衛生教育教材，以作為從業人員職場教育之教材，以及評估從業人員於下背痛預防成效。結果顯示工作中並非持續單一姿勢直接造成下背傷害，但工作環境如工作台面等未能符合人體工作學的參考標準，因此產生可能的自覺上的不適仍存在。此外下背痛防治的教育教材，確實可以提供下背傷害預防觀念。同時建議應安排適當休息時間與工作場所海報的張貼。

The purpose of this study is to evaluate in the field for back problems of workers in a shoemaking factory. The materials and methods included database collected by measuring joint angles of working postures, force distribution of disc and muscle with biomechanical model, questionnaire for the selfestimation of occurrence of back injury. Educational materials of occupational safety were designed based on the clinical cases. Results of this study showed that there were not only one posture executed during work which might not be the direct cause of back injury, and lack of ergonomic designs for jobs might be the source of discomfort perception. Educational materials provided the concepts for prevention of back injuries. It is recommended that proper shift breaks and promotional posters should be designed at workplaces to raise the awareness of workers.