半導體業從業人員的肌肉骨骼疲勞可能原因的初步探討

A Preliminary Investigation of the Causes of Musculoskeletal Fatigue in Semiconductor Workers

本研究的目的在於探討半導體產業勞工肌肉骨骼疲勞的成因。本研究包括分析和驗證兩方面。在分析方面，由現場訪視著手，觀察工作環境、工作形態及人機界面，並探討可能引發肌肉骨骼疲勞的原因。由觀察結果推論，引起肌肉骨骼傷害的可能原因為長時間的站立和頻繁的走動，而非一般看法中的抬舉以及人機界面的問題。由分析的結果，本研究在驗證方面設計了一套實驗來求證長時間的站立和頻繁的走動是否為肌肉骨骼疲勞的因素。此實驗分別比較半導體作業員與一般辦公室秘書站立時數、走動步數以及腳底累積壓力的程度。走動步數是以電子計步器量測，腳底壓力則採用富士的壓力底片。實驗結果顯示，作業員的站立時間與走動步數顯著大於辦公室秘書，而腳底受壓的程度也大於辦公室秘書，儘管差異不顯著。實驗的結果支持我們的推論：長時間站立及頻繁的走動可能是造成半導體作業員肌肉骨骼疲勞的原因。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of musculoskeletal fatigue of the semi-conductor workers. This study consists of analysis and validation phases. The analysis phase included field observation and interview on the work environment, work type as well as the fitness between man and machine, to investigate the possible causes of worker’s musculoskeletal fatigue. It was assumed that the possible causes may be due to the volitionally prolonged standing and frequent walking, other than the prevailing belief of lifting problem and mismatch between man and machine. Based on the results of the analysis, the validation phase conducted an experiment to validate the causes of prolonged standing and frequent walking. The experiment was to compare the total standing hours, walking steps and sole pressure of the semiconductor workers with the ordinary secretaries. The walking steps were measured using walking counters and sole pressures with Fuji PresScale pressure sensitive film. The results showed that the workers’ standing hoursand walking steps were significantly higher than secretaries, the sole pressure is also higher although not significantly. The validation experiment further supports our assumption: the semiconductor musculoskeletal fatigue may indeed be caused by prolonged standing and frequent walking.