運動計畫介入職場員工運動階段與身體活動之成效

The Effects of Exercise Intervention on Stages of Exercise and Physical Activity for the Workers in the Worksite

本研究之目的在探討運動行為改變計畫介入對職場員工運動階段與身體活動之成效。採用「準實驗設計」 ，實驗組、對照組前後測方式進行。實驗處理是實驗組接受運動行為改變介入計畫活動，而對照組則不接受任何的實驗處理。以立意取樣方式選擇某電信公司全體員工為實驗組研究對象。同時，選取另一通信公司之全體員工為對照組。本研究根據員工自己參與的意願，進行運動行為計畫之介入，收案資料共有 176 人，平均年齡為 45.8±6.7 歲，其中實驗組有 116 人，對照組有 60 人。研究工具有運動階段量表及三日身體活動紀錄表。運動行為改變計畫之介入內容，針對不同的運動階段的員工，應用跨理論模式中改變過程之策略，設計各運動階段的教學活動。資料處理含卡方檢定、 Bowker’s test of symmetry及共變數分析。研究結果顯示實驗組在計畫實施後比計畫實施前運動人口有明顯的增加，計畫實施前「規律運動者」有 32.8%，計畫實施後「規律運動者」有 55.2%，計畫實施後規律運動人口增加 22.4%。另外，經兩組前測為共變項之共變數分析之後，假日身體活動量及假日中重度身體活動量實驗組後測皆顯著高於對照組後測。而平日（週一~週五）身體活動量及平日中重度身體活動量兩組後測則並未有顯著的差異。

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of exercise intervention on improvement of stages of exercise and physical activity. A Quasi-experimental design was utilized and purposive sampling was conducted at a telecom worksite in Taiwan. One hundred and seventy-six subjects, mean age 45.8±6.7 years, were assigned into test and control group. The test group, which consisted of 116 subjects, participated in a program of exercise intervention. The intervention program with the Transtheoretical Model was applied to help subjects develop effective approaches within different stages of the exercise change. The control group, which consisted of 60 subjects, had no treatment. All subjects completed questionnaires, including stages of exercise and 3-day physical activity record, at the pre-test and 5-month follow-up test. Data analyses included chi-square test, Bowker’s test of symmetry, and analysis of covariance. The results showed that after exercise intervention, the percentage of regular exercise increased 22.4% in the test group. Physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of the weekend day in the follow-up test of test group had higher estimated energy expenditure than those in the follow-up test of control group.