日常與無常：讀巴特的《服喪日記》

Discourse about the Vicissitudes of Life vs. Everyday Life: ＂The Mourning Diary＂ by Roland Barthes

1977年10月，母親去世後，羅蘭巴特隔日起在筆記卡紙上寫下心情感受。其後兩年間，他時斷時續地寫。1980年，巴特突然過世，直到2009年初，這批手稿才被整理成冊出版，在全集之外，又添了一本巴特私密生活書寫的著作問世。這本《服喪日記》（Le Journal de deuil）與巴特同時期的其他書寫構成了緊密的互文關係。相對於這些結構完整的出版著作與講綱，《服喪日記》的出版讓讀者瞥見另一「前──書寫」的巴特，試圖界定自己必要歷經的服喪，如何落實於不得不面對的日常生活中。本論文從巴特向來關心的日常生活母題切入，對《服喪日記》進行文本分析，再借用巴特對日記文類的評論來審視這本《服喪日記》的意義。

In October 1977, from the next day after the death of his mother, Roland Barthes began to keep a diary, and throughout more than two years, he continued to note what he felt and thought day by day during his mourning. He died in 1980, while these notes would not be published until 2009, under the title of ＂The Mourning Diary＂ (＂Journal de deuil＂), as one more autobiographical work, not included in his 5 volumes anthology of complete works. This book reveals closely knit intertextual relations with his other writings of the same period. But, in contrast to his thematic teaching discourses prepared for the College of France, this work shows another face of the writer, who tried all the time to define his own style of mourning within the flow of everyday life. This article deals specifically with selected notes about certain everyday life details, and analyzes how these apparently trivial topics strongly intervene in his reflections on life, death, time, privation, writing, etc. Finally, it considers the success his diary writing achieved by reference to his own reflections in essays on the genre of diary.