氣味、歷史與記憶：朱天心〈匈牙利之水〉中的嗅覺主體

Scents, History and Memory: The Subject of Olfaction in Tianhsin Chu's ＂The Hungary Water＂

《古都》是朱天心為台灣書寫的三部曲之一，書中的五篇故事採用不同的書寫策略處理歷史與記憶的問題，尤其是借助於感官經驗探索不同象徵化記憶的可能，重構個人的歷史。其中，〈匈牙利之水〉更是大膽擬仿嗅覺經驗，藉由嗅覺喚起記憶的過程，將已經遺忘（或刻意忘記）的歷史記憶重新召回，建構個人的主體位置。本文將由嗅覺主體的角度討論〈匈牙利之水〉，朱天心於本故事中不僅象徵化嗅覺經驗，並經由召喚、拆解、或重組這些由嗅覺喚起的記憶處理潛藏在主角「我」（或作者）無意識中記憶與歷史的矛盾問題。

＂The Ancient Capital＂ is one of the trilogy written by Tianhsin Chu to cope with her Taiwanese experiences. In the five stories in the book, she adopts different writing strategies to deal with the relationship between history and memory. In some of the stories, she attempts to explore new possibilities to symbolize memory and to re-construct a personal history with the aid of sensual experiences. In ＂The Hungary Water,＂ she boldly imitates olfactory experiences in both its literary form and content. In the story, the memories which are lost (or deliberately abandoned) are summoned back with the help of odors, which helps one to re-construct his or her subjectivity. The paper aims to discuss ＂The Hungary Water＂ from the perspective of the subject of olfaction. In this story, Chu, on the one hand, tries to symbolize olfactory experiences; on the other hand, she attempts to tackle the controversy of the identification of those whose parents were from Mainland China. By means of summoning, dissembling and reassembling the pieces of memories evoked by olfactory experiences, Chu offers an alternative path to respond to the controversy: embodied experiences lead one to (re)connect oneself with the place that s/he lives in and help one to identify who s/he is.