薩德侯爵的慾望機器：情色與制度

Marquis de Sade's Desiring Machine: Eroticism and Institution

德勒茲（Gilles Deleuze）曾說薩德侯爵（Marquis de Sade）的思想是以制度（institution）的方式去表達。因此，本文之研究方法借用德勒茲的觀點去詮釋薩德對於法律之態度，以及制度與情色之間錯綜複雜之關係。本文發現薩德以「反法律」與「反契約」的角度去否定法律的價值，進而闡揚制度與規定在追逐快樂之重要性。薩德將強制性的和任意性的「規定」視為強權者的特權，且將情色專制放在集體狂歡的核心中，進而去思考赤裸生活（vie nue）的各種面向。薩德以前所未見的方式去思考性慾、生命政治（biopolitique）與權力的政治意涵，更是值得省思。

As Gilles Deleuze once said, Marquis de Sade expressed his thoughts through institution. Heeding this observation, this article adopts Deleuze's point of view to investigate Sade’s attitude toward law, as well as the intricate relationship between institution/rules and the pursuit of pleasure. I argue that Sade takes ＂anti-law＂ and ＂anti-contract＂ stances to negate the value of law, and elaborate on the importance of institution and rule in the pursuit of happiness. Sade views the imperative and caprice rule as granting privilege to the powerful, puts sexual despotism into the core of group orgy and contemplates different facades of nude life. Sade's innovative view of the intersection of sexuality, biopolitics and power merits further reflection.