色情烏托邦：「科幻」，「臺灣」，「同性戀」

Utopia Erotica: ＂Science Fiction,＂ ＂Taiwan,＂ and ＂Homosexuality＂

本論文探討「科幻」、「台灣」、「同性戀」這三個符號可不可能交集成為「台灣同性戀科幻」這一個混血類別。這三者很相似：都扣合了對於分類的焦慮，也都牽連了對於烏托邦的憧憬。我思考烏托邦，也同時討論烏托邦的衍生物：「反烏托邦」以及「異空間」。我認為，剛好同時契合「台灣／同性戀／科幻」三者分類框架「特例」文本恐怕輕易臣服、默認了文類的規限；因此，我遂改而建議閱讀「不」符合既有分類框架的文本：和分類框架產生摩擦的文本，反而有可能帶出更開放的思考。本論文從鬼才作家林燿德的小說〈慢跑的男人〉下手，思索在「市場至上」的意識型態之下，這篇屬性曖昧的小說如何在「科幻」與「非科幻」之間游移─小說的「科幻」有時候可能被「同性戀」召喚出來，但「台灣」卻也可能悄悄地消失。

This paper centers on three signs: ＂science fiction,＂ ＂Taiwan＂ and ＂homosexuality.＂ I find these signs loosely comparable, for all of them are associated not only with the obsession with categorization (e.g., Who are ＂authentic＂ Taiwanese people?) but also with the longing for utopias (e.g., an independent Taiwan imagined to be a utopia). As ＂American lesbian and gay science fiction＂ remains an established genre, it is tempting to envision its counterpart in Taiwan, a locus where the significations of ＂science fiction,＂ ＂Taiwan＂ and ＂homosexuality＂ have been contingent upon the hegemonic American culture. However, I do not propose to seek the ＂model texts＂ which perfectly illustrate all of the three signs at the same time. Rather, I turn to non-model texts, which fail to visualize these signs simultaneously. Such texts of ＂failure＂ reveal how these signs enable and block each other at once. Focusing on a story written by Lin Yao-te, a writer known for his experimental literature, I submit that the spectacular same-sex desire in Lin's story determines whether his story can be categorized as science fiction. In Darko Suvin's word, homosexuality in Lin’s story funcions as a ＂novum.＂