非法言詞證據的解釋：利益格局與語詞之爭

Interpretations on Illegal Oral Evidence: Interest Pattern and Dispute on Words

公檢法機關在非法言詞證據解釋上的衝突是一個不斷演化的過程。通過引入芝加哥學派的管轄權衝突理論，可以對作為刑事司法系統中行動主體的公檢法三機關在不同階段對非法言詞證據作出的不同解釋進行清晰地描摹。對非法言詞證據排除規則作出客觀化的解釋從某種意義上來說是非常困難的。在解釋的過程中，語詞的含義更多地取決於利益的邏輯而非語詞本身的邏輯。不同機構各自的利益關注、權力格局、冤假錯案帶來的輿論環境、政治大環境等一系列因素都會對非法言詞證據的解釋產生不同程度的影響。

The different interpretations on illegal oral evidence among Ministry of Public Security \ SPC \ SPP were shaped in a progressive process. By the theory of jurisdictional conflict from Chicago Scholarship, we can describe the basic standpoints of these three institutions in their interpretations in different time. We find that it is difficult to interpret illegal oral evidence objectively. In the process of interpretation, the meaning of words often depended on the logic of interest but not that of words. Many extraneous and uncontrolled factors, such as interests of institutions, wrong conviction and public opinions, political circumstances, power pattern among different institutions and so on, would affect deeply the interpretations of illegal oral evidence.