作為意向的地方－－論西西〈港島‧我愛〉對《廣島之戀》記憶策略的改寫

Intentionality as the Place: The Rewriting Memory Strategies of Hiroshima Mon Amour in Xi Xi’s “Hong Kong‧My Love”

西西發表於1975 年的《我城》是香港文學中的經典，小說以城籍體現地方主體性，但西西在七十年代以前如何通過文學形塑「我城」的地方感，在既有研究中一直從缺。在1968 年，西西曾發表一篇名為〈港島‧我愛〉的短篇小說，是啟發自電影《廣島之戀》的作品。本文先借用現象學以意向性為地方本質的理論，闡述電影利用聲畫剪接反省現實的手法。本文認為，〈港島‧ 我愛〉適取了電影以敘事聲音召喚地方歷史記憶的技巧，但更著重呈現主體意識經驗的過程。面對香港六十年代末的城市發展，小說敘事者召回了與親人共同生活的記憶，藉此以經驗「存有」作為地方意向，重新連結個人與空間的關係。小說並通過突顯此段記憶為一遷徙經驗，把昔日面對新生活空間的坦然延伸至當下，作為體認當下新城市空間的情感根據。小說以經驗「存有」作為地方意向，亦消解了舊有經驗的負面價值，回應著香港五十年代以來的集體社會經驗。小說藉戰後在港成長一代的南來生活經驗和情感，把發展中的城市體認為地方。這種建構本土意識的獨特手法，在香港文學發展史上具時代價值和代表性。

Xi Xi’s My City, published in 1975, is a classic in Hong Kong Literature. My City takes city as the subjectivity of place, but how the sense of “my city” was shaped in Xi Xi’s writings before the 1970s has not been examined to date. Xi Xi published a short story titled “Hong Kong‧My Love” in 1968, which was inspired by the famous movie Hiroshima Mon Amour. This paper first makes use of “intentionality,” the essence of place in phenomenology, to discuss how the movie criticizes its reality through sound-and-screen editing. This paper shows that “Hong Kong‧My Love” borrows the technique of reconstructing place through the narrative voice adopted in the movie, but emphasizes the illustration of the subject’s consciousness. Facing the urban development of Hong Kong in late 1960s, the narrator in the novel invokes the memory of living with his family. A relationship between self and space is then reconnected, as the existence of experience is regarded as the intentionality of place. By highlighting the family memory as a migration experience, the novel extends the space across time, as an emotional reference to identify the new urban space. The intentionality of place also helps to relieve the negative values of the past in the social collective experience of Hong Kong since 1950s. “Hong Kong‧My Love” identifies the developing city as place, by means of the southward migration experience and the emotions of the young generation in postwar Hong Kong. This unique way of constructing local consciousness is both significant and irreplaceable in the history of Hong Kong Literature.