當多種華語語系文學相遇：臺灣與華語語系世界的糾葛

When Multiple Sinophone Literatures Meet: Entanglements between Taiwan and the Sinophone World

華語語系研究近年來在全球學術場域備受關注。不過對台灣學者而言，這種以美國為根據地的學術趨勢若要引進台灣，它能生產出什麼樣的理論動能？為何需要在台灣談華語語系研究？這些提問值得省思。本文主張華語語系概念的提出，引領我們深入剖析台灣與不同華語語系社群之間的跨文化接觸過程。這篇文章討論台灣文化場域內多種華語語系文學的相遇。本文將透過兩種華語語系文學──台灣原住民文學與馬華文學──在台灣兩大報文學獎的迥異呈現模式，提請注意認可政治在華語語系關係網絡裡的運作。透過梳理多種華語語系文學的相遇，本文提出以洪美恩主張的「複雜的糾葛」取代「族裔認同」，作為連結台灣與全球華語語系社群關係網絡的框架，期望能演繹不同華語語系社群之間跨文化接觸所帶出的些許課題，為台灣文學乃至於華語語系研究另闢論述空間。

In recent years, Sinophone studies has drawn increasing attention among scholars all over the world. Taiwan’s scholars are concerned most of all with the theoretical breakthroughs made by such a U.S.-based theory that may have an impact on Taiwan’s academic studies. Why do Taiwan scholars need to engage “Sinophone” as a theoretical concept? This paper seeks to point out that the notion of Sinophone may help to enhance our understanding of the cross-cultural encounters between Taiwan and the Sinophone world. It conducts an in-depth analysis of the complex issues raised by the encounters of multiple Sinophone literatures in the Taiwanese cultural field of production. Via the case studies of Taiwan indigenous literature and Sinophone Malaysian literature in the field of Taiwan literary award, this paper calls attention to the difference between the translational practices adopted by the two Sinophone literatures to gain recognition in the Sinophone world. The idea of “complicated entanglement” as defined by Ien Ang may serve as a more useful theoretical concept than the notion of “ethnic identity” for understanding the relationship among various Sinophone literatures within the Sinophone network and help shed light on some critical issues of cross-cultural encounters.