「星點－星座－星網」與「北極星」：數位超文本地誌《加利菲亞》的網絡化歷史建構

“Stars-Constellations-Star Web” and “Polaris”: The Networking of Historical Construction in Califia

為了探討如何在後現代的多元碎裂語境中建構出具有主體性的歷史，本文航向洛杉磯（Los Angeles）／《加利菲亞》（Califia）。《加利菲亞》這部以後現代空間表徵洛杉磯為主題的數位超文本小說，結合了書寫媒體所提供的可能性，以地誌書寫的方式，在洛杉磯碎裂的場域／地景中建構出具有「網絡化」（networking）樣態的角色家族歷史與地方集體歷史。在相關社會學論述中，「網絡化」已被視為是在全球化與資訊化社會體系下建構出在地化意義的一種新文化策略，然而，在不同場域進行「網絡化」行動的運作機制卻仍有待探索。在我們以《加利菲亞》為對象的探索中，發現「網絡化」的歷史建構機制乃植基於「檔案」的「碎裂並置」，以及建構歷史的不同主體在碎片中依其主體性自行連斷的「接合」（articulation）行動。在這個歷史建構場域，過往的歷史詮釋會隱現其中，成為建議性的「導引」。文本中所浮現的「星點－－星座－－星網」與「北極星」這組後設象徵，對應出其自身的歷史建構美學。此一美學也呈現了資訊社會中人們不斷解構知識為資訊、接合資訊為知識、彼此共享知識網絡、並以他人或過往所建構知識為參考的知識型態（episteme）。

The features of spatilization in postmodern cultures and information society—plurality, heterogeneity, and fragmentation, as well as their “space of flows,” have induced problems for meaning-construction. Since “networking” is considered as a viable strategy to create localized meanings in a globalized and information society, this article studies how postmodern texts construct a networking style of history. By analyzing the digital hypertext of Califia, it argues that a way to construct networking style of history is to form a locale and facilitate it with the mechanisms of “disjunction-articulation-networking” and “suggestive guidance.” It is found that these mechanisms are not only embedded in the forms of Califia, but also embodied in its content. Through its networked text, Califia constructs the characters’ personal history and collective history for Los Angeles (often used to represent “postmodern space”) or California. There is also a set of meta-symbols in Califia, namely “Stars- Constellations-Star Web” and “Polaris,” which represents the mechanisms of its historical construction and the episteme of information society.