我國醫院合併與公平交易法（1）

Hospital Merger and Fair Trade Law in Taiwan (Ⅰ)

我國公平交易法包含反托拉斯和限制不正競爭，立法目的在維護交易秩 序、確保公平競爭，醫院合併理應屬其規範對象，然由於醫院合併的驅力、 內涵和結果存在多樣貌：或為求生存、或為合作以提昇效率、或為獨佔壟斷 以坊、取超額利潤，加上醫院存在專業自主性、產業特殊性及不完全競爭市場 特質，因此，公平交易法是否適用於醫院合併，仍存在諸多爭議：主張係證 競爭者，贊成制定反托拉斯法以規範；主張合作、聯盟者，貝11 質疑反托拉斯 法將阻礙醫院合作，不利社會福利的提昇。又由於「先目的事業主管機關後 公平會」的明文規定，醫院合併的規範成為衛生署和公平會互踢皮球的灰色 地帶，因此，兩機構問協商權的釐清並發展合作機轉乃當務之急。本研究目 的如下： 一、我國公平交易法之立法目的、規範內容及相關法律責任和關條 二、公平交易委員會組織及運作機轉 三、醫院今併與公平交易法概念無構 四、醫院市場界定 五、界定我國醫院合併的驅力、類型及現況 六、探討我國公平交易法對醫院合併的適用性

Hospital merger and medical arm race became a trend under the pressure of cost control and the implementation of global budget. Hospital merger was always rationalized as economic scale, resource sharing, cost control and improving efficiency. But in fact, through merger, hospitals also could exercise monopoly power or unfair competition to extend market share and deprive of consumer surplus to make excess profit. The government should regulate hospital trust to guarantee market competition and to protect medical benefit of the public. Taiwan Fair Trade Law, enforced in 1992, includes antitrust law and unfair competition law . This research was aimed to discuss whether it is appropriate to apply Antitrust Law to regulate hospital merger, and to judge the capacity of Fair Trade Law Commission to handle the industry-specific medical professional issues on antitrust of hospital merger, also, to distinguish its responsibility from that of the Department of Health. The other purposes were as follows: 1. to define the issues relevant to hospital merger and antitrust 2. to understand the force, contents, purposes and patterns of hospital merger 3. to define the geographic market and product market of hospital industry 4. to develop the measures of hospital market share and market concentration 5. to find the criteria and standard which Antitrust Law defines monopoly power and unfair competition 6. to discuss the appropriateness of applying Fair Trade Law to hospital merger in Taiwan