傳播管道與醫療廢棄物風險知覺之關係研究－－以嘉義地區三所區域醫院為例

The Study of Communication Channel and Risk Perception of Medical Waste--Examples of Three Regional Hospitals in the Chia-Yi Area

目的：本研究主要在暸解醫院員工接收醫療廢棄物訊息的傳播管道之情 況，以及探討醫院員工特性、醫療廢棄物訊息之傳播管道以及自我效能變 頃，對醫療廢棄物風險知覺影響之關餘，進而其結果可做為醫院在宣導相關 政策或訊息時之參考依據。方法：針對嘉義地區三所區域醫院的員工，利用 比例分層隨機抽樣，共抽取362位員工進行調查。並將回收後之資料，透過統 計套裝軟體（SAS） 進行資料分析。結果： （1） 醫院員工在接收醫療廢棄物 訊息之傳播管道主要來自於大眾傳播中的報紙、電視以及人際傳播中的同事 等管道。（2） 不同單位的員工在獲得醫療廢棄物訊息的主要來源為：醫療人 員經由師生之間的討論、護理人員經由說明會以及同事；醫技人員經由雜誌 以及單張小冊、行政人員經由報紙。此外，學歷為大學程度以上、以及性別 為男性之員工主要經由雜誌以及報紙獲得醫療廢棄物訊息；而學歷為大學程 度以上、以及性別為女性之員工主要是經由單張小冊獲得醫療廢棄物訊息。 （ 3） 從報紙以及朋友接收過有關醫療廢棄物訊息的員工，其風險知覺得分較 高。但從電視接收過有關醫療廢棄物訊息，其風險知覺得分卻較低。結論： 醫院管理單位可針對不同的對象採取不同的傳播管道，使員工對醫療廢棄物 有更進一步的瞭解，進而影響或改變員工對醫療廢棄物的風險知覺。

Objective: This investigation is mainly grasped how hospital employees take over the medical waste signals from distinct communication channels; to probe into the influence and relationship between hospital employee's characteristics, medical waste signals of communication channels, self-efficacy and medical waste risk perception, and find out the results to be as the consultation from advertised policy or signals. Method: This paper used proportional stratified random sampling and aimed to employees on three regional hospitals in the Chia-Yi, to investigate 362 employees. The retrieve data were analyzed by SAS program. Results: (1) Large proportion of hospital employees who got the medical waste signals of communication channels are mainly on newspaper, television (mass communication) and colleagues (interpersonal communication). (2) The key region of medical waste signals received by different section employees: Physicians from various specialties via the discussion between teachers and students; Nurses via seminars and colleagues; Technicians via magazines and newsletters; Administrations via newspaper. Beside, male employees have higher than college degree via magazines and newspaper. While female employees have the same record via newsletters. (3) Employees who got the medical waste signals from newspaper and friends have higher risk perception, but from television have lower risk perception. Conclusions: Hospital administrative organizations should proposed different communication channels to different objects and let employees have more understanding from medical waste, which to influence or change employees' risk perception.