臺灣北部地區護生對另類療法知識信念及使用經驗之探討

Nursing Student's Knowledge, Belief, and Experience of CAM Used in North Taiwan

背景：一般大眾增加另類療法的使用，引起健康照護專業之關注。為了未來能提供更佳之照護，護理教育需要增加相關之課程，以準備護理學生面對此趨勢，而在進一步規畫之前，應先了解護理學生對於另類輔助療法知識及信念。目的：本研究目的旨在探討護理學生對於另類及輔助療法之知識、信念及個人使用情形，並檢視其相關性。方法：採橫斷式描述性研究設計及立意取樣。採用自我填答問卷以收集相關資料。研究對象是護理學校即將畢業之學生，研究工具包括：個人基本資料、另類及輔助療法知識、中文版的另類療法信念，以及在台灣個人使用另類療法情形。結果：共300 位未婚女性學生參與本研究（平均21.42 歲），約半數(49.7%) 護生有宗教信仰，百分之七十五的研究對象來自於核心家庭。研究對象自評對另類療法的知識相對較低（以1-5 分範圍，整體平均1.36 至2.39），最低的為另類醫學相關知識（平均1.36，標準差為0.66）；最高則為身心靈療法相關知識（平均2.39，標準差0.68）。學生們對於另類療法信念方面，平均得分為45（標準差5.51），顯示對於另類療法信念屬於正向；147 位學生(49%) 至少每個月使用一種以上的另類療法；以Pearson 積差相關檢驗變項之間的相關性，本研究結果顯示信念與五大類療法及個人使用間有顯著性相關(p ＜ .05)；除了另類醫學療法外，其他四大類療法知識彼此之間及個人使用亦有顯著性相關(p ＜ .05)。結論：研究結果顯示個人對另類療法知識、信念及使用之間有顯著的相關性，結果也指出需要將另類療法相關知識融入護理教育課程中，而護理教育體系未來也應著重與此相關議題。

Background: Increasing use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the public has drawn major concern from healthcare professionals. To provide better care, it is vital that nursing students are prepared to face these new trends. Prior to further planning, it is necessary to assess students' knowledge and beliefs toward complementary and alternative medicine. Objectives: The study aimed to explore the nursing students' knowledge, belief, and use of complementary and alternative medicine. Design: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: The study was performed in one university of north Taiwan. Participants: The participants of the study are nursing students in their last semester prior to graduation. Methods: A purposive sampling was used and utilized self-reported questionnaires to collect the data. Tools included knowledge of CAM, the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Health Belief Questionnaire-Chinese Version, and a checklist of CAM used in Taiwan. SPSS 17.0 was used for the statistics. Results: A total of 300 female and single nursing students enrolled in this study. Participants mean age were 21.42, about half of those students (49.7%) held some religion. Nearly three quarters (75.7%, n = 227) come from nuclear family. Participants rated their knowledge about CAM relatively low (in a 1-5 range, mean scores were 1.36-2.39). Scoring lowest was knowledge in alternative medicine (Mean = 1.36; SD = 0.66). Knowledge in mind-body interventions scored highest (Mean = 2.39; SD = 0.68). The students' belief toward complementary and alternative medicine achieved a mean score of 45 (SD = 5.51), which indicated that they held positive belief toward it. A total of 147 nursing students (49%) reported past or present use of at least one complementary and alternative therapy per month. The results showed that belief had a significant relationship with knowledge in the five category modalities and with personal use (p ＜. 05). The knowledge of CAM also had positive correlation with personal use. (except the alternative medicine system). Conclusions: The findings highlight the strong relationship between knowledge, belief, and personal use of CAM. The findings imply the need for and the importance of integrating CAM into nursing education curriculums. Nursing education programs should focus on these important elements of the future.