醫療機構智慧資本對組織效能之影響－－以某醫療體系為例

The impact of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Effectiveness in Medical institutes

目的：本研究為洪麗真與廖茂宏（2007）「醫療機構知識管理與組織效能之關聯性研究」之延伸研究，旨在調查醫療機構具備智慧資本之程度，以及醫療機構智慧資本對組織效能之影響，並依據研究結果提出智慧資本在醫療機構實行之具體建議。方法：採用橫斷式研究，以結構式問卷進行調查。以北部某醫療體系之三家醫療機構員工進行智慧資本及組織效能之調查。總計發送180份問卷，回收149份有效問卷，有效回收率為82.8%。資料回收後先以描述性統計、因素分析及信度分析進行資料處理，最後再以逐步迴歸模式探討智慧資本對組織效能的影響。結果：「智慧資本」能正向影響「組織效能」，且醫院智慧資本可以解釋「醫院組織效能」的80.3%的解釋變異量，表示應用智慧資本於醫院中可對組織效能帶來正向之效益。此外，影響組織效能的關鍵因素依序為「員工技能及創新能力」、「內部流程及品質管理」、「獎勵制度及知識分享」，以及「醫院與外界之互動關係」。結論：醫療機構智慧資本能力有助於組織效能的提升，因此將智慧資本觀念與具體做法導入醫療機構的工作有其必要性。

Objectives: This research is to exam the present situation of medical institute’s “intellectual capital” and “organizational effectiveness”, and to find out the relation between the above two subjects. Based on the result, the researchers propose a concrete suggestion on the application of intellectual capital in medical institutes. Methods: A cross-sectional study is conducted. The total number of questionnaires issued is 180; the number of valid questionnaires returned is 149 at a response rate of 82.8%. First, valid questionnaires are processed with descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability analysis. Finally, stepwise regression is applied to find out the impact of intellectual capital on organizational effectiveness. Results: Intellectual capital has a positive effect on organizational effectiveness. And medical institute’s intellectual capital can explain 80.3% of variance of organizational effectiveness. This indicates that the application of intellectual capital in medical institutes is beneficial to organizational effectiveness. Besides, key factors that influence organizational effectiveness , in the order of strength, are “employee’s skill and creative ability”, “internal process and quality management”, “reward system and knowledge sharing”, and “medical institute’s external relationship.” Conclusions: Intellectual capital can improve the organizational effectiveness in medical institutes. As a result, there is a necessity for medical institutes to implement the idea of intellectual capital with concrete measures.