熱泵和太陽能應用於醫院熱水系統節能減碳成效之探討－－以南部某區域醫院為例

The Effectiveness of Energy Conservation and CO2 Reduction: Application of the Heat Pump and the Solar Energy in Heating Water System of a Regional Hospital, Southern Taiwan

全球暖化、氣候變遷，石油逐漸枯竭且價格不斷上漲，世界各國無不致力於發展替代能源，以降低溫室氣體排放及減緩石油用量。台灣位處亞熱帶地區，終年暖和，大氣熱能資源極為豐富。因此，低耗能的熱泵熱水系統和低污染、可再生特性的太陽能，即成為『節能減碳』的利器。研究醫院自2004年時即積極地尋找替代能源方案，於2005年8月1日起，將熱泵運用在院內的熱水供應系統。從2004年至2010年間，歷經柴油鍋爐期、熱泵期、太陽能耦合熱泵期與太陽能耦合即熱式熱泵期等四個改善時期，熱水系統年用油量由301,000公升降至171,000公升；熱泵年用電量由109,500度降至60,225度。以2006年的柴油費（25元／公升）和2009年的電費（2.3元／度）計算，每年最低可為醫院省下了3,111,483元，節能效率可達41.3%以上；以燃燒1公升柴油將產生2.77公斤二氧化碳、使用1度電量將產生0.636公斤二氧化碳計算，每年亦可減少321,797公斤的二氧化碳排放量。

Due to the effects of global warming, climate change, petroleum being exhausted gradually and its price going up constantly, the countries all over the world had made great efforts to search the alternative energy source to reduce greenhouse gas emission and to slow down the use of petroleum. Taiwan locates in the subtropical area and its climate is warm in whole year. Solar energy resources in Taiwan are quite abundant. Hence, the low heat consumption pump system and the low pollution, renewable solar energy become an edge toll of “energy conservation and carbonemission reduction” in Taiwan. Chia-yi Christian Hospital had looked for the alternative energy source actively since 2004. The heat pump system had been applied to the hot water supplying system since August 1, 2005. The use of supplying energy source to hot water supplying system of Chia-yi Christian Hospital went through four periods from 2004 to 2010. They were diesel oil boiler period, heat pump period, solar energy coupled heat pump period, and solar energy coupled immediate hot type heat pump period. According to the observations from 2004 to 2010, it showed that the annual oil consumption and power consumption of heat pump in the hospital were dropped from 301,000 liters to 171,000 liters and from 1,314,000 degrees to 722,700 degrees, respectively. Based on the diesel oil fee of 2006 (NT$25 per liter) and the electric rate of 2009 (NT$2.3 per degree), it saved NT$3,111,483 for the hospital every year and the energy efficiency was over 41.3%. The system reduced the emission of CO2 321,797 kg/year after calculation.