原廠藥品與學名藥品的認知與態度之研究

A Study of the Cognition and Attitude of the Original and Generic Drugs

為了降低健保費用上漲之壓力，健保藥費的管控一直為各界所注目的焦點之一。 由於學名藥具有與原廠藥相同之療效、成分及劑型，但卻擁有較低的價格，因此藉 由學名藥的推廣進而抑制逐年藥費的上漲，也是近幾年先進國家用藥的趨勢。然而對 於學名藥品的使用上，目前國內尚無針對學名藥與原廠藥相關研究報告，故本研究希 望藉由瞭解民眾與醫師對於原廠藥與學名藥的認知與態度的差異，探討民眾與醫師的 偏好情形，並且進一步分析國內原廠藥與學名藥品的開立狀況，做為未來學名藥品相 關決策之參考。本研究利用問卷調查之方式進行，回收問卷病患端共計347份，醫師 端82份。研究結果顯示，病患對於原廠藥與學名藥的認知程度偏低，醫師端的認知程 度則顯著高於病患；針對原廠藥及學名藥的態度方面，大部分病患的態度多傾向較為 正向，且針對藥品價格的規範及控管上，其同意度顯著高於醫師；藥品的分佈情形方 面，平均每位病患看診平均領取藥品品項為2. 4種，其中約三成為原廠藥，基層診所 則皆為學名藥。本研究建議相關單位可以多給予相關之資訊，以提高民眾的認知，並 建議醫院層級可提高開立學名藥的比例，進而抑制國內藥品費用的成長，以及建議後 續研究者可進行更大規模的調查或臨床上的實驗，以進一步瞭解原廠藥與學名藥藥品 之間的差異性。

As for decreasing the stress of increasing NHI premium from the general public, it is widely focused on how to control the NHI expenses. Compared to original drugs, generic drugs own the same medical efficiency, ingredient structures as well as dosage; moreover, the latter have another competitive advantage- lower price. It is an upward trend, hence, in the developed countries to control the growth of drug expenses by promoting generic medicine. In Taiwan, nonetheless, there is no research in the topic of comparisons between generic and patented medicines. As a result, this study aims at two groups, the general public and physicians, and two kinds of medicines, generic and original. The purpose can boil down to one of three factors: to investigate the differences in cognition and attitude, to address medicine preferences, then to analyze prescription habits for utilizing of generic medicine. The method in this study carries out by survey with feedback from 347 patients and 82 physicians. The study result reveals three vital facts as follows. Firstly, patients have less cognition about differences between generic and original drugs, and unquestioningly, physicians realize this much better than patients. Secondly, compared with physicians, patients have more positive attitude and agreement in regulation and domination of drug price. Last but not the least, based on the distribution of medicines, in hospitals each patient gets 2.94 items of drugs which include approximately 30% from original drugs on the average, while clinics always prescribe generic medicine. In conclusion, this study suggests that the government and relative authorities should provide more medicine information to the general public in order to enhance their medical knowledge. Also it is suggested that hospitals could increase the percentage of generic prescription to control the growth of drug expense in Taiwan. Moreover, as for future research, it could do survey in a bigger group or execute clinical research to realize the differences between original and generic drugs.