愛滋流行下的性別觀點

Gender Perspectives behind the HIV/AIDS Epidemics

愛滋（acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS）在人類歷史已經超過35 年，但對愛滋的汙名（stigma）並沒有隨時間與藥物、醫療的進步而消失。愛滋病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）主要透過性行為傳染，細看愛滋的議題，在許多地方都可見存在著汙名與性別權力不平等。本文主要從公共衛生的三段五級：愛滋的預防面、篩檢與診斷面、治療與照護面，探討：（1）愛滋在上述面向存在的性別差異；（2）性別不平等以及汙名，對於愛滋防治的阻礙；（3）專業工作者面對愛滋議題時，保有的性別敏感度。在愛滋已成為慢性傳染病的時代，預防、篩檢、治療與照護，都必須融入性別的觀點，並且去除性別帶來的愛滋汙名與歧視。

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in human history has been more than 35 years, but the AIDS stigma hasn’t disappeared with the time and medical advances. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is mainly transmitted through sex. When discussing with AIDS issues, there are so many stigma and gender power inequalities. This article from the three sections of public health: prevention, screening and diagnosis, treatment and care, to explore: (1) gender differences for AIDS; (2) gender inequalities and stigma for HIV prevention hampered; (3) gender sensitivity that professionals face the AIDS issue should have. In the era of AIDS has become a chronic infectious disease, prevention, screening, treatment and care, all above approaches must integrate a gender perspective, and to remove AIDS gender stigma and discrimination.