論中共政權與私營中小企業主的關係：最具市場競爭力企業的個案分析

The Relationship between China's Party-state and SME Owners: An Analysis of the Most Promising Companies Case

本文討論市場化改革推進下，中共控制中小企業主能力有無退縮趨向。過去對中國大陸政權與私企主的控制關係研究，多認為中共主動吸納私企主進入體制內，學者並從中共提供之私企主名單進行抽樣調查，以瞭解中共控制能力。本文則另闢溪徑，從現代化理論中政府與市場互有矛盾的角度切入，使用關鍵個案分析（crucial-case study）的「最可能案例」（The Most-likely case）研究法，透過對具競爭性私企與政府關係的研究來檢視中共對中小企業主的控制程度。因此調查列名江蘇省公佈之「2008-2009年度江蘇省重點培育高成長型民營、中小企業」、富比士「2008福布斯中國最具潛力中小企業排行榜」企業主背景，發現兩表各有約九成八及八成七的中小企業主與中共政權有關，由此可知，即使改革持續深化，中共仍能穩定控制私企主群體。

This article examines whether the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) can still control the owners of private Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) while deepening economic reform. In the past, scholars who studied the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party-led party-state and owners of private enterprises believed that the regime had absorbed these owners into the party-state system. Their research used lists provided by the PRC government to conduct surveys to measure the level of party-state control over SME owners. In this article, we use crucial-case study's most-likely case theory to design a research approach. We chose cases from among the 105 owners of the most competitive SMEs listed on the ＂2008-2009 listing of Private, High Growth, Small and Medium Enterprises of the Jiangsu Province Government＂ (2008-2009 年度江蘇省重點培育高成長型民營、中小企業) and the 100 owners of ＂Forbes China’s Most Promising Companies list in 2008＂ (2008 福布斯中國最具潛力中小企業排行榜). In theory, although they were apt to resist the authoritarian regime because of their high competitiveness in the market, among the owners, we find that over 98% and 87% are connected to the PRC regime. This research may be helpful for scholars in the development of more precise observations on the role entrepreneurs will play in the PRC's future.