影響慢性腎臟疾病患者健康促進生活方式之相關因素

Factors Related to a Health-Promoting Lifestyle in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

本研究目的為瞭解慢性腎臟疾病患者的基本資料、疾病特性及危險因子與健康促進生活方式之相關性。研究採橫斷式研究設計，以立意取樣方式選取北部某教學醫院142位慢性腎臟疾病患者為研究對象。採用結構式問卷收集資料，問卷分為基本資料、疾病特性、危險因子及慢性腎臟疾病健康促進生活方式量表等四部分。研究結果發現：（1）在健康促進生活方式中以營養層面得分最高，運動休息層面最低。（2）健康促進生活方式會隨著教育程度、有無職業、飲酒、運動、血清肌酐酸值、腎絲球過濾率、血壓、低蛋白血症之不同而有顯著差異（p＜.05）。（3）預測慢性腎臟疾病患者健康促進生活方式的因子有教育程度、運動、低蛋白血症、血壓及血清肌酐酸值等變項，共可解釋36%變異量。本研究結果可協助慢性腎臟疾病患者減緩疾病惡化，提升患者之健康促進行為。

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between basic data, disease characteristics, high risk factors and health promoting lifestyle in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The cross-sectional research design was used for this study with data collected through purposive sampling and structured questionnaires. The sample consisted of 142 patients from a teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. The structured questionnaire was divided into four parts containing questions on basic data, disease characteristics, high risk factors and health-promoting lifestyle for CKD. The results of the study showed that: (1) For health promoting lifestyle, patients scored the highest on the nutrition subscale and lowest on the exercise and leisure subscale; (2) Differences in education level, job, alcohol habits, exercise, creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood pressure, and hypoalbuminemia led to significant differences in health promoting lifestyle (p＜.05). (3) Education level, exercise, hypoalbuminemia, blood pressure, and creatinine level were significant predictors of health promoting lifestyle and explained 36% of the variance in health promoting lifestyle for patients with CKD. The results may offer useful information in helping CKD patients slow the deterioration in their condition and encourage health promoting behavior.