透析患者的憂鬱現象及其護理處置

Depression among Dialysis Patients and Related Nursing Interventions

憂鬱是末期腎臟疾病患者常見的心理問題，會影響病人的日常生活和身體功能，嚴重 者甚至選擇放棄透析治療或自殺。藉由本文提供護理人員對憂鬱概念、評估工具、治療方 式及護理處置有進一步認識，期望護理人員可利用具信效度之量表評估患者的憂鬱狀況。 除了增加透析次數外，能使用認知行為策略以增加患者的正向認知，減少負向情緒；並藉 由信念的改善，進而減輕病人的憂鬱現象。

Depression is a common psychopathological condition among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Depression influences their quality of life and physical functioning. Moreover, some severely depressed patients choose to withdraw from dialysis treatment or even to commit suicide. The purpose of this article is to introduce depression and its assessment scales, treatment types and nursing interventions, so that nurses can use reliable and valid tools and procedures to screen dialysis patients’ depression. To improve patients’ depression, effective strategies include not only increasing the frequency of dialysis, but also applying cognitive behavior therapy. The literature shows that the more positive the patient’s attitude and the less negative the emotions, the more efficacious the relief of depression will be.