血液透析工作人員污染性針扎之探討

The Strategy to Contaminated Needle-Stick Injury of Hemodialysis Unit Personnel

本研究主要探討血液透析工作人員污染性針扎之發生率與影響針扎傷害的因素。樣本來源為南部某醫學中心，於民國84年至90年間在血液透析室工作且曾遭受污染性針扎傷害的工作人員共有49人。研究資料經由SPSS8.0套裝軟體進行統計分析。結果發現：年發生率為8.6%；在所有的工作人員中以護理人員發生針扎的件數最多(79.3%)；在年資方面以5.01~10年的工作人員(27.6%)及0~1.0年的工作人員(24.1%)發生針扎件數最多；而污染性針扎的影響因素中，發生針扎時所從事之醫療行為以執行結束血液透析治療技術佔多數(51.7%)，針扎的原因中以針頭未對準或戳破生理食鹽水軟橡皮頭為最多(24.1%)。在臨床護理上建議，加強護理人員對污染性針扎危險性的認知及適當使用防護設備。

The purpose of present study was to investigate the incidence of contaminated needle-stick injury and factors involved in this accident among hemodialysis unit personnel. From 1995 to 2001, there were 49 injury events. The annual rate of needle-stick injury was 8.6% in study subjects. Further statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 8.0 software. Our results showed that most of these injuries occurred on nursing personnel (79.3%); 27.6% events occurred in personnel who worked on the hemodialysis unit for 5-10 years; and 24.1% in personnel who had worked one year or less. Fifty-one percent of the injury events were noted in terminating hemodialysis therapy and 24.1% were experienced when introducing the needle into the saline line. We conclude that it is of importance to identify the risk in handling needles during hemodialysis therapy. Appropriate management of medical apparatus can prevent the accidental injury.