等待腎移植病患之衛教

The Patient Education for Waiting Patients for Kidney Transplantation

由於等待腎移植病患常因等待期間缺乏移植知識而有錯誤觀念及恐懼心理，使得病患及家屬在面對決定移植的瞬間產生想拒絕的情緒反應，導致喪失移植的機會或移植後發生適應不良等情形。因此，腎臟及泌尿科護理人員若能於病患在透析及等待腎移植期間給予病患及家屬一套完整、時間充裕，且連貫的衛教，將能提高衛教的效果及幫助病患順利面對治療方式的選擇及執行，進而促進病患移植後的生活適應。本文介紹等待腎移植病患衛教的過程，包含評估等待腎移植病患及其家屬之知識需求、確立病患的學習目標、建立適合的衛教主題及優先順序、具體執行等四個階段。最後，進行評值以確認執行成效。藉由此篇文章期望能提供臨床護理人員衛教指引，並能於病患尚未接受移植前便開始相關的衛教課題，以落實衛教的目的。

Patient education is one of the most important aspects to include in the transplant patient's plan of care. Patient education is ongoing-initiated in the evaluation/pretransplant phase and the outpatient follow-up phase. The success of the kidney transplant is predicated on the ability of the patient to understand the medications, their purpose, proper administration, and side effects. For this reason, the major purpose of patient education for waiting patients is changing the perception, behavior style, promotes patient's knowledge, ability of management. The purpose of this article is to introduce the literature and experience of application of the teaching process in the care of waiting patients. The results can provide other nurses with a practical guide for assistance while they face a similar case.